Slippery Slope: What is Slippage?
With the unfortunate demise of the prop firm My Forex Funds, the issue of slippage has recently become a hot topic. This educational post takes a look at the slippery issue of slippage, beginning with the basics all the way to addressing popular theories and speculations about slippage. Something to remember is that every trader, regardless of expertise, will encounter slippage during their trading activity.
What exactly is slippage?
Slippage is the term used in the forex market to describe the difference between the requested price at which you expect to fill your order and the actual price that you end up paying. Slippage most often occurs during periods of high market volatility, when market conditions are very thin due to low volumes traded or when the market gaps; all of these scenarios then lead to market conditions being such that orders cannot be executed at the price quoted. Therefore, when this happens, your order will be filled at the next available price, which may be either higher or lower than you had anticipated. Understanding how forex slippage occurs can enable a trader to minimise negative slippage while potentially maximising positive slippage.
Market Gap
High Market Volatility
Slippage is part of trading and cannot be avoided. This is due to forex market volatility and execution speeds. When a market experiences high volatility, it generally means there’s low liquidity. The reason for this is that during this time, market prices fluctuate very quickly. Where this affects forex traders is when there’s not enough FX liquidity to fill an order at the requested price. When this happens, the liquidity provider will complete the trade at the next best available price.
Another cause of slippage is execution speed. This is how fast your Electronic Communication Network (ECN) can complete a trade at your requested price. With market prices changing in fractions of a second, having faster execution times can make a difference, especially on large trades.
What is the difference between positive slippage, no slippage, and negative slippage?
When slippage occurs, it is usually negative, meaning you paid more for the asset than you wanted to, though at some times it can also be positive. When slippage is positive, it means you paid less for the trade than you expected and therefore got a better price. To get a better understanding of this, let's see the image below.
How do you calculate slippage?
Let's assume that the price of the EUR/USD is 1.05000. After doing your research and analysing the market, you speculate that it’s on an upward trend and long a one-standard lot trade at the current price of EUR/USD 1.05100, expecting to execute at the same price of 1.05100.
The market follows the trend; however, it goes past your execution price and up to 1.05105 very quickly—quicker than a second. Because your expected price of 1.05100 is not available in the market, you’re offered the next best available price. For the sake of the example, let's assume that the best next price is 1.05105. In this case, you would experience negative slippage (positive for the broker), as you got in at a worse price than you wanted:
1.05100 – 1.05105 = -0.00005, or -0.5 pips.
On the other hand, let’s say your trade was executed at 1.05095. You would then experience positive slippage (negative for the broker), as you got in at a cheaper price than you wanted:
1.05100 – 1.05095 = +0.00005, or +0.5 pips.
Negative Slippage Example
Is slippage a technical glitch in a broker’s software, or is it built and designed to bring in extra revenue?
There are popular beliefs that slippage is a software glitch or that it is made just to give brokers and liquidity providers extra revenue. This is not true, as slippage is something that is unavoidable. There are times when the markets are extremely volatile and price movements are too quick due to a lack of liquidity.
Slippage does bring in extra revenue for brokers and liquidity providers, but you need to remember that slippage goes both ways; while brokers and liquidity providers will generate profits from negative slippage, they will also generate losses from positive slippage. Though there are times when brokers (very rare) use price manipulation on their clients to generate additional revenue (more on this later).
How can a trader avoid or minimise slippage?
While slippage is impossible to fully avoid, there are a few things you can do to minimise the impact of slippage and protect yourself as much as possible in the markets, including using stop-loss orders to limit their exposure and placing orders during less volatile times.
Stop-loss orders are instructions to your broker to immediately exit a trade if it reaches a certain price. By using stop-loss orders, you can limit your losses if the market moves against you. High liquid markets such as Forex enable you to take advantage of market swings to enter and exit trades rapidly, limiting your exposure to the market but also increasing the risk that your stop-loss order may not be executed at the price you expect if the market moves quickly against you. Additionally, there are some brokers that offer traders guaranteed stop-loss orders called 'Guaranteed Stop Orders' (GSOs), meaning that the stop-loss price is guaranteed, which makes the trader unaffected by slippage when getting stopped out.
Another way to reduce the impact of slippage is to trade during less volatile times. The forex market is open 24 hours a day, but not all hours are equal. There are times when there are hardly any trading volumes being generated, and you want to avoid trading during this time at all costs as trading spreads will be wider and you will most likely get slipped due to the lack of liquidity in the markets. The best times to trade are usually when the market is most active, which is typically during specific trading sessions such as the Eurpoean or US trading sessions. To summarise, to minimise slippage, you should:
What is slippage tolerance, and how should you factor that into account with regard to your stop-loss and risk-to-reward calculations?
Some brokers will enable a feature called the 'Market Order Deviation Range' where the trader can adjust the slippage's maximum deviation. This is done so a trader can estimate his or her tolerance to slippage. For example, if you set the maximum deviation to 3 pips, the order will be filled as long as the slippage equals 3 or below. If the price slips beyond the set maximum, the order won't be filled. This is an effective way of managing your risk-to-reward calculations because if you have a strict risk-to-reward set-up and do not have much leeway to give in terms of slippage, you can adjust the slippage tolerance setting so that if the trade comes with more slippage than your trade can afford, it will not enter you in the trade.
How can a trader tell if his or her broker is being predatory with regard to slippage?
Although rare and illegal now that regulators are prevalent in the industry, in some cases, brokers may manipulate prices to cause slippage. This usually happens during times of high volatility when there are a lot of market orders. By creating a large amount of slippage, brokers can increase their profits. Forex brokers that are not regulated by the major governing bodies are more likely to do this. For a broker to gain the regulation of a major governing body, they must adhere to very strict guidelines set out by the regulating authority. Firstly, if you suspect that your broker is manipulating prices, you should immediately look for another broker. If you have evidence of your broker manipulating prices, you should report that broker to the financial authorities.
A good way to gauge if a broker is potentially manipulating prices is by requesting a trade journal from them. A good and reputable broker usually offers trade journals to their clients. Trade journals show execution times of trades and will have a comment on the journal if the trade was slipped. On a standard trade journal, slippage comments should not appear there often (unless you are trading at times when the market is volatile, thin, or trading outside liquid hours).
A broker that manipulates prices to their clients is usually hesitant to offer trade journals to their clients because it shows this on the trade journals. So if your broker is not willing to share the trade journals with you, you might want to think twice about continuing to trade with them. To add to that, you can also check if your broker is either a market maker or directly connected to the interbank market, as they will handle slippage differently.
To recap, slippage is a part of forex, and no trader is immune to getting it. It occurs most often during periods of high market volatility. Though slippage is almost impossible to avoid and can impact your profit and losses, there are a few things you can do to minimise slippage and its impact. This includes the use of limit and stop-loss orders, placing orders outside of volatile market times, avoiding major economic and news events, and only using brokers that are regulated by the major governing bodies.
BluetonaFX
Fxlearning
Fundamental Analysis in Forex
In forex trading, fundamental analysis looks at the outlook of a whole economy to determine the actual value of a currency. The value is then compared with the value of other currencies to assess whether it will strengthen or weaken relative to those currencies.
This post will further discuss how fundamental analysis is used in forex, what to look out for, and how you can incorporate it into your trading.
What is Fundamental Analysis?
Fundamental analysis is a way of looking at the forex market by analysing economic, social, and political forces that may affect currency prices. The idea behind this type of analysis is that if a country’s current or future economic outlook is good, its currency should strengthen due to an increase in demand for that specific currency.
The better shape a country’s economy is in, the more attractive it is, which will lead to foreign businesses and investors investing in that country. This results in the need to purchase that country’s currency to obtain those assets. There are a multitude of factors that determine the intrinsic value of a country’s currency. Factors covering a whole range of economic data, social trends, and political developments come together to generate a broad view of the outlook for the country. This will subsequently drive the outlook for the currency.
Due to this, forex fundamental analysis allows traders and speculators to take a longer-term view of whether the current value of a currency will likely increase or decrease towards its actual worth.
Fundamental Analysis Information
So, what information is used in the fundamental analysis of forex markets? There are several fundamental factors and components that analysts use to value a currency. From an economic perspective, the most important data are interest rates, inflation, economic growth, homes, and employment.
Central banks and governments will use all of this information to formulate their monetary policy and fiscal policy, respectively. Changes to interest rates will impact the outlook that fundamental analysts have on a currency. As such, central bank policy decisions and governments' fiscal policy decisions are critical factors in the valuation of a currency. (More on this later.)
Key Fundamental Data
Let’s go into further detail on some of the most important fundamental data and how they impact the valuation of a currency:
Interest rates
Interest rates are a tool that central banks use to control an economy. Depending on how a country's economy is performing, central banks will adjust the general interest rate level to bring the economy back towards its respective targeted levels.
When the level of one country’s interest rates is compared to another, this is a driver of the relative attractions of the currencies. A higher interest rate level will generate a better return for the holder of assets in that currency since higher interest rates draw capital from around the world as money seeks a higher rate of return, thereby increasing the demand for the currency as foreigners convert their domestic currency into the investment. Thus, the currency will strengthen relative to the other currency. Additionally, government bond yields are an indicator of the market’s outlook for central bank interest rates. Bonds pay a fixed income, so fluctuations in a bond’s price will determine its yield. If a central bank raises the interest rate, traders can get a better return on their money at the bank; therefore, the fixed-income government bond will likely be sold.
So, if yields reflect the expectation of interest rate moves, fundamental analysts can compare the government bond yields of various countries to assess the relative valuation of the currencies. That is why fundamental analysts will look at interest rate differentials in their valuation to determine whether a currency is mispriced.
Inflation
Inflation is caused by an excess supply of money in a country's economy. This then leads to more spending, which then leads to an increase in prices. If the inflation rate is higher in one country than in another, then the relative value of its currency will decline. It is possible for inflation to get completely out of control, and in fact, there are some countries that print so much money that their currency becomes almost worthless as money. Because money has such an important function in all societies, people will often find substitutes when the domestic currency becomes worthless—even using the currency of another country, in what is also known as 'dollarization.'
Inflation is a crucial driver of central bank interest rates. High levels of inflation eat away at the underlying value of an individual's assets or even savings. Furthermore, if inflation is too low or negative (deflation), it will lead people not to currently spend, and this can cause a downward economic spiral. Why would people buy something today if they think it will be cheaper tomorrow?
Every month, inflation measures such as the Consumer Price Index (CPI) and Purchasing Price Index (PPI) are assessed by traders and speculators to judge a country's inflation outlook.
Central banks use inflation targeting as they set interest rates. Higher inflation levels require higher interest rates to prevent continued price rises. Therefore, if one country has a higher level of inflation, it is likely that the interest rate will also need to be higher, which will also impact the currency’s value.
Gross Domestic Product
Economic growth is measured almost universally by changes in Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Gross domestic product is a measure of the size and health of a country’s economy over a period of time (usually measured quarterly or yearly). It is also used to compare the size of different economies at different points in time. GDP is the most commonly used measure for the size of an economy. The GDP is the total of all value added created in an economy. Value added means the value of goods and services that have been produced minus the value of the goods and services needed to produce them. The biggest drivers for GDP calculation are:
Consumer spending: Also known as personal consumption expenditures, this is the measure of spending on goods and services by consumers.
Government spending: It’s everything that is spent from a government’s budget within a public sector on items such as education, healthcare, defence, and more, depending on the country.
Business investment: Any spending by private businesses and nonprofit companies on assets to produce goods and services is considered business investment.
Balance of trade: The difference in value between a country’s imports and exports is what constitutes the balance of trade. If exports exceed imports, the country is in a trade surplus. On the contrary, if imports exceed exports, it’s a trade deficit.
Homes
The data on homes is very important due to the sole reason that one of the main aims for most people in life is to own a home. Additionally, a home is most likely the most expensive item a person will ever buy. So most people will work hard for a large part of their lives to own one. Because of this, housing forms an important part of the worldwide GDP calculation, so if a country's housing data is strong, this tends to also show in the country's economic performance. The biggest drivers in housing data are:
Pending home sales: This number shows the number of home sales where a contract between the seller and the buyer has been signed.
Existing home sales: This number measures the number and value of transactions of existing homes that were sold in a given month.
New home sales: This number measures the new homes that were sold in a given month. In a strong economy, the number of new home sales tends to keep rising.
Employment
A country's employment rate is very important in gauging a country's economic strength. The reason is that employment is very important to a country's economic output. If people have jobs, they will spend money and contribute to economic growth.
If employment is low, companies will have a shortage of workers. This will lead to lower productivity and then lower company revenues, which will then lead to companies not being able to pay back loans and even fewer jobs being available because companies can no longer sustain themselves. Also, consumer spending will decrease, and the never-ending cycle continues.
The US Nonfarm Payroll employment figure is one of the most important figures that comes out on the first Friday of every month. The figure is an estimate of the number of payroll jobs at all nonfarm businesses and government agencies, the average number of hours worked per week, and the average hourly and weekly earnings. Because labour is an important economic factor of production, the unemployment rate is a good indicator of how closely economic output is to potential output, which measures economic efficiency. A falling unemployment rate is a good indicator of economic growth, while an increasing unemployment rate indicates economic decline.
Fiscal and Monetary Policy
Monetary policy is very important in fundamental analysis. Central banks vary in philosophy and economic stance; some central banks are 'hawkish, meaning that they prefer higher interest rates to encourage saving and investing, whereas others are 'dovish, meaning that they prefer lower interest rates to encourage consumer spending and borrowing. Economic data can help a central bank formulate its monetary policy, but there is another aspect to consider. Fiscal policy (government spending and taxation) is also relevant to the fundamental economic outlook of a country.
While governments and central banks tend to be independent, they are not mutually exclusive. The fiscal actions of a government can have implications for the central bank (for example, the response of the Bank of England to the unfunded spending cuts of the UK Government in September 2022). Therefore, politics are also important. The type of government ruling a country can affect its economic outlook and, more importantly, its perception of future prospects for the country’s economy. A government that favours high spending might be seen as fiscally irresponsible. However, if the view is that this will generate more growth and a larger economy, it might be viewed positively.
How fundamental analysis is used in forex trading
Fundamental analysis is widely used to generate potential bull and bear markets in forex trading. Technical analysts will discuss trends; however, the medium- and longer-term fundamental outlook mostly, if not all of the time, generates the source of those trends. Fundamental traders will generally position themselves according to where they see a big trend. There might be some near-term fluctuations within the trend that can be taken advantage of using technical analysis. However, broadly speaking, a currency will move in a particular direction due to an economy’s longer-term prospects and interest rates.
How traders perceive fundamental economic data is very important. On a longer-term basis, it is all about what the data means for the future outlook of the country's economy. Is a central bank on a path of raising or tightening interest rates? Does a country's government have to raise or cut taxes? Is consumer borrowing and spending too high?
For short-term trading, it is all about expectations. Day traders usually look at the economic data for their signals. How did the data perform relative to market expectations? Did it beat the consensus forecast? Fundamental traders will examine how data announcements compare to the market’s estimates. Better-than-expected data should drive a stronger currency; if the data is less than expected, it tends to lower its value.
Dangers when trading using fundamental analysis
Though fundamental analysis can be useful in predicting the direction of currency prices, there are dangers that you need to be aware of. First, important figures like the nonfarm payroll and interest rate announcements are extremely volatile and can wipe your account instantly if you end up on the wrong side of the market. Additionally, there are times when markets are 'priced in', meaning that the move has already happened in anticipation before the fundamental data or announcement; therefore, the market is already priced in, and the market tends to go the opposite way. For example, if traders have been strongly anticipating that a country's central bank will cut interest rates, they will short the markets all the way prior to the central bank actually confirming the interest rate cut, so now the market is priced in and the market will tend to go the other way due to those traders exiting their early short positions.
Forex fundamental analysis can sometimes be very complex and time-consuming. However, a general understanding of its principles will not only help you in your journey to finding consistency in the markets but will also improve your economic knowledge and awareness.
BluetonaFX
Hedging in Forex
When done correctly, hedging is a great method to help protect your position(s) against big price fluctuations. This post will delve further into hedging and discuss how you can use it to not only protect your position(s) but also how to potentially use it to your advantage in turning losing positions into profit-taking opportunities.
What is hedging in Forex?
Hedging implies protection against the risk of future price fluctuations for assets arranged in advance. It is a financial strategy used to protect a trader from losing trades resulting from adverse moves in currency pairs. Hedging is used in almost all types of financial industries; however, it has a more specific form in the foreign exchange market.
Direct Hedging
Direct hedging in forex normally takes place by the trader opening a position in the opposite direction of an existing trade. This is done in order to reduce the risk exposure of the existing position. Normally, the trader or investor carries out his or her risk analysis and quantifies the risk levels involved before instituting both the original and hedged trades. They would subsequently be responsible for controlling the level of change in their positions that takes place due to the ensuing price volatility of the market instrument(s) being traded.
For example, let's assume you open a sell position on GBPUSD, and while your position is running, the market suddenly goes up, so now your open P&L (profit and loss) number is going down. Let's continue to assume that you are still confident in the original sell position; however, you are wary that the market is likely to experience adverse price movements. To prepare for this, you open a buy position to fully hedge the trade. In a fully hedged trade, the P&L number will not move because there is both a buy and sell position open. Now that the trade is fully hedged, if the market continues to go up, the trade's buy position will continue to profit while the sell position will continue to take a loss. However, if the market reaches a resistance level, you can exit the buy position at a profit and hold the original sell position while the market comes back to your original entry point. While many traders would close out the initial position and accept any losses, a direct hedge would allow you to profit from the second trade, which would avoid the loss.
To get a further understanding, let's see this in the example below.
Hedging with multiple currencies
Another strategy would be for a trader to utilise two different currency pairs that are highly correlated, either in a positive sense or a negative sense. For example, a long trade can be opened for the USDJPY currency pair, and a short trade can be opened for its USDCHF counterpart. Because it is highly likely that both pairs move in the same direction due to the USD factor, any drawdown or loss on one of the trades would be made up for by gains and profits in the other trade.
Though the risk is usually mitigated with this hedging strategy, for this method to work successfully with different currency pairs, it is essential that the trader does his or her research on both pairs involved in the potential hedge to ensure that the correlation is high between them through their respective movements in the market. This is to guarantee that when market volatility does ensue, whether it is based on a news update such as a major central bank meeting or some other unexpected event, then the two current pairs in question will move as expected in the market.
Hedging with commodities
Commodities are popular to hedge with because they are usually seen as safe haven products.
Gold is usually the go-to product hedge for traders who especially want to protect themselves from rising inflation. When inflation becomes uncontrollable, gold prices tend to rise. Gold, in contrast, is a hedge against a lower US currency. In other words, gold prices and the US dollar tend to have an opposite relationship. When gold prices rise, the US dollar tends to fall, and vice versa. Gold has long been seen as a form of currency, which is why it's a strong hedge against a dollar crash or hyperinflation.
Another popular commodity to hedge with is oil. Some currencies are particularly vulnerable to the impact of oil prices (these forex pairs are commonly known as 'commodity pairs'). Both the Canadian dollar and the Australian dollar are notable examples. The price of oil and the exchange values of the Canadian dollar and Australian dollar usually have an inverse relationship. When the price of oil rises, the USD/CAD and AUD/USD exchange rates tend to fall, and vice versa.
You can use the oil hedging approach to hedge your USD/CAD and AUD/USD trade risk in this scenario. For example, you can go short AUD/USD and long oil as a hedging position, and vice versa.
Advantages and Disadvantages
There are significant advantages and disadvantages to engaging in hedging activities in forex:
Advantages
The biggest advantage is that it protects the trader against unpredictable price movements. If your account experiences high volatility or unexpected price swings, your hedged position may be able to help protect the total worth of your account by generating a profit on that position, which can help stabilise your account balance until the other position gains value. In other words, hedging gives the opportunity to profit on a position that would maintain the account balance during a volatile or unexpected price swing before a reversal takes place, leading to other positions going back to their original value.
When hedging is incorporated properly, your risk-reward ratio is better within your control. This is because a hedge acts as a helpful counterbalance to your other position(s), thus providing support in the form of price gains even when your other position(s) are moving in the opposite direction.
Hedging can broaden your portfolio's diversification. If you are hedging multiple products, this can spread out your open positions to reduce the chance of a single variable or event wiping out all of your positions.
Disadvantages
On the other hand, a hedge can also very likely reduce the potential for profit. If a trader has an open position in profit and the price continues to move in a certain direction after the trader implements a hedged trade in the opposite direction, then the hedged trade would be at a loss, nullifying the gains made by the original trade after the hedged trade was opened. Additionally, traders must be aware of additional trading costs such as commissions and overnight swap charges (if the hedge is held overnight).
To add, hedging is not an ideal practice for beginners in trading, as it requires the proper practice and education needed to handle opposing trades at the same time in what could be an unfamiliar market, reflecting both the numerical and positional complexities of the hedging mechanic. There is also the risk of hedging, resulting in increased losses to the trader's account due to some hedged trades not being correlated directly to initial positions; this could be because of leverage, margin, or other reasons. This has the potential for huge drawdowns in the overall position when price volatility ensues.
Another disadvantage is that, unfortunately, not all forex brokers or trading providers offer the hedging function to their traders, so traders will usually have to inquire if this function is possible before proceeding to trade with the respective broker or provider.
While you can make money from hedging, it is very important to note that before that, forex hedging should first be about mitigating risks. A trader's primary aim when hedging should always be to protect their capital against adverse moves in the currency markets. Hedging can also be very complex and costly, especially if the trader does not have much experience with this trading method, so it is not recommended to use this method in a live trading environment until you understand the mechanics of hedging, as it requires a great deal of planning and understanding.
BluetonaFX
The Power of Risk ManagementRisk management is one of the key topics in forex trading that is not emphasised enough. Instead, there is too much emphasis on solely focusing on being on the right side of the market to consistently make money while ignoring proper risk management in the process. This post will completely debunk this, so after you have finished reading, you will hopefully have a completely new mindset on how to actually succeed long-term in forex.
Absolute Uncertainty
The forex market is a place where the majority of people struggle to find consistency. This is due to the nature of the market, where uncertainty is constant. What I mean by this is that the market is completely irrational and neutral; when you want to buy, there is somebody else on the other side that wants to sell, and vice versa. The market is filled with millions of other participants with their own goals, beliefs, and motivations; therefore, the market will go where it wants to go. Unfortunately, not enough people really grasp what this means and are obsessed with how many trades they can get right to make money.
The main purpose of risk management in forex is to reduce your trading risk and grow your trading capital safely. It is great to have good skills in determining the market's direction, but more importantly, you need to have good risk management skills too.
Two different traders, Same Trades, Two different outcomes
Let's put this into practice. Let us assume that two different traders both took the exact same ten trades and both won five of the ten trades taken. Let's call these traders 'Trader A' and 'Trader B. Trader A is just obsessed with being right in the market. The trader is quite skilled in understanding the market, but the trader is just focused on how many trades are closed at profit. Trader A risks about 2% per trade; however, trades are usually cut short, and thus ends up taking profit at about half of the initial risk (2% risk per trade and 0.5:1 risk-reward). Trader B understands that the market is completely irrational, where anything can happen at any time, and to trade the market succesfully, must treat trading like a business, causing the trader to have strict risk management rules (2% risk per trade and 2:1 risk-reward) that are stuck to at all times.
As you can see from the above image, Trader A ended up with a 5% decrease to the account and Trader B ended up with a 9.98% increase to the account after both traders taking the same ten trades, why did this happen? The answer is simple Trader A cut the profits short and ran the losses whereas Trader B ran the profits and cut the losses. It does not matter if you are right or wrong in trading what matters is how much you make from your right trades and how much you give back to the market on your wrong trades.
Forex Journey Ends Before Getting Started
Due to many people not understanding the power of risk management, their journey in forex ends before it even gets started. To explain further, a lot of traders either do not calculate their risk before they trade the markets or they are aware of their risk but decide not to place high importance on it (a fatal mistake). This is one of the biggest killers of forex traders, and all it takes is one bad trade before the market takes all your hard-earned money and you are out. The market is an unforgivable place that will not care if you are blown out; it will continue to go on with or without you participating, and you must give it respect. The higher your risk, the lower your long-term survivability probabilities are. Remember, if you don't have funds to trade, you can't participate! It is as simple as that, so you must treat trading as a business and not as a casual hobby if you aim to consistently make money over the long term. Let's see how your survivability chance decreases the more you risk.
Position Sizing
Now that you understand how crucial it is not to risk too much of your account in a trade but do not know exactly how to calculate how much you should be risking per trade, how do we calculate this?
In forex, a pip movement on a one-lot contract is approximately $10, so if you enter a trade on a forex pair and it moves 20 pips against you, you will be approximately $200 down. It is very important to understand this because if you do not, you will not know how much you should be risking per trade, and you may end up overexposed in the market with a high chance of blowing your account. For example, if you have a $10,000 account balance and want to risk 2% ($200) of your account per trade on a one-lot contract, that is 20 pips; therefore, your stop loss should be around 20 pips.
However, on the same account balance, if your stop loss is 100 pips, let's say, and you are not aware of pip calculations, you are potentially risking 10% of your account in that trade alone, which is extremely dangerous, and as seen in the above example, it only takes 10 trades in a row to blow your account on 10% risk per trade. But what if your strategy requires a 100-pip stop loss, as that is where your stop loss level is, and you really want to enter the trade? You just have to trade a smaller position size! 2% of $10,000 is $200, and we know that 1 pip is equal to around $10, so $200 is equal to 20 pips. Now how do we trade this with good risk management if we want a 100-pip stop? Let's see the image below:
So as you can see in the above image, if you are on a 2% rule, which is good risk management, all you need to do is reduce the position size if your strategy requires a larger stop. There is nothing stopping you from entering the position. In the forex market, safety must come first at all times. To add, it is not worth having a smaller stop loss just to be able to trade a bigger position size, as this can be very detrimental to your trading due to the fact that in forex, there is a lot of market noise due to so many participants, and it is very easy to get whipsawed on a small stop loss and get taken out of your position.
The next time you are about to enter a position, ask yourself if it would be better to have a larger stop to protect yourself from getting squeezed out of the position. If so, just reduce your position size accordingly and have a larger stop. Always remember that the market does not limit you from trading your opportunities if you have a larger stop but do not want to risk a large percent of your account in the trade; you just have to trade smaller.
Plan, Analyse, Assess, Review
1. Plan
Before you take a trade, always have a plan for your risk management. The 2% risk per trade rule is always a safe rule, and the best traders tend to use this rule. Always know what your account balance is, what your risk amount should be, and exactly where your stop-loss needs to be. Always remember that if your stop is too tight, try trading a lower position size to give you more leeway.
2. Analyse
When you get a trade setup, before you pull the trigger and enter the trade, ask yourself, "Is there enough reward in this trade setup that it is worth entering the trade?" If the answer is no, do not take the trade! Remember, trading is not just about being right or wrong; it is also about how much you take or give to the market when you are right or wrong. The reward must always be worth the risk, and you must constantly analyse this before entering the market.
3. Assess
Make sure you often assess your current risk management, especially when you are in a trading position. For example, if your position is about to reach your take-profit target but the market looks like it wants to keep going past your target, instead of coming out of the position completely, why don't you instead take some of the position out and keep the rest of the position in? You can trail your profit to your original target and potentially make extra profits this way with nothing to lose. The same goes on the other side: if you enter a trade and at some point are no longer comfortable with the position, do not be scared to cut the position short and exit the position. Always listen to your gut instinct, as it may be telling you something for a reason.
4. Review
Always review your risk management. Take a look at your past trades and try to learn from them. Was your stop-loss too tight in a lot of your trades? Was your stop not tight enough in a lot of your trades? Are you cutting yourself short, and could you have a higher risk-to-reward ratio in a lot of your trades? There is always room for improvement, and the only way to improve your risk management is to review your previous trading history to see what possible adjustments you could make to your risk management. Remember, you should treat trading as a business if you want to succeed long-term, and most, if not all, successful businesses constantly review their risk management.
The power of risk management is absolute. If this post has not done enough to convince you of this, always remember that you are always one bad trade away from being put out of business. The majority of beginner traders blow their accounts in the first three months of trading; this is not due to them not understanding the markets but due to poor risk management and not treating trading as a business. Always remember to maximise your profits and cut your losses. All trading involves risk, and there is no 'holy grail' strategy that can eliminate risk entirely. However, by managing your risks effectively, you can reduce the impact of risk on your trading and increase your chances of long-term success.
BluetonaFX
The Contrarian Trader - Going Against The Crowd
Have you ever noticed that when you speak to other traders about the market, your view tends to be the opposite view a lot of the time? You think the market is going down when they think it is going up, and vice versa.
Going against the crowd can be looked down upon by traders, as the majority of them will question your motives or reasoning and tell you that "the trend is your friend." However, it is possible to profit in the markets by trading against the crowd, as the markets rarely go up and down in a straight line. You might just have a contrarian style and way of thinking when it comes to trading the markets, which is perfectly fine as there is more than one way to be consistently profitable trading the markets. In this post, we will delve further into this trading style.
Contrarian traders base their trading strategies on the underlying principle that the market tends to overreact at both extreme highs and lows (supply and demand). These traders see these extremes as opportunities to profit from sharp reversals that can occur when the market corrects from a recent overreaction. All markets are looking for areas of fair value; in other words, buyers and sellers are constantly vying for balance in the markets. If the price of a product has gone up too high (overbought), the demand for that product will come down, so as the demand comes down, the price comes down with it. On the other side, if the price of a product has gone down too low (oversold), the demand for that product will increase, so as the demand goes up, the price goes up with it. In both cases, the price will eventually go to an area that buyers and sellers are satisfied with (fair value), and after some time, the market will look to trend again, either to the upside or downside, and the cycle continues.
A trader taking a contrarian approach will constantly look to determine when the market has reached a level that cannot be sustained with either more buying or more selling. This is why contrarian traders are usually seen as going against the crowd, as this style goes against the current market trend.
Taking a contrarian view to trade the markets requires a very disciplined approach and precise analysis of the market to determine optimal entry and exit points for trades due to the trader trading against the current trend. Contrarians' analysis methods can come in the form of technical, fundamental, or market sentiment.
Technical Contrarian Trading
Technical contrarians typically specialise in going against current trends, not following them. Therefore, when used by a contrarian, their technical analysis tends to be employed to look for situations that are primed for a significant market reversal. These can be in the form of chart price action or technical indicators.
Price action reversal trading
Reversal traders strive to pinpoint the moments when the market will change direction; these are mostly known as 'market tops and bottoms'. These traders anticipate a reversal at these market extremes, as they tend to take the other side of the crowd's market view. Contrarian traders will often look for reversal patterns that tend to take place near market tops and bottoms; candlestick patterns such as 'morning/evening stars' and reversal chart patterns such as 'double tops/bottoms' are very popular price action confirmation signals for contrarian traders. A key benefit of these setups is that they provide great risk-to-reward opportunities for contrarians due to the fact that the trader can place their stop loss just above or below the market high or low to potentially earn multiple amounts of their risk if the trade does not get stopped out.
Double Top
Morning Star
Indicators
Contrarians might use oscillators that can help them identify overbought or oversold market situations that are due for a reversal. Oscillators operate by plotting the output of that specific indicator between two extreme values. These two extreme values are used by the trader to help predict the overbought and oversold points in the market. The Relative Strength Index (RSI) or the Stochastic Oscillator can both be used for this purpose. Moving averages and their crossovers, or a related technical indicator like the MACD, can also be used in this manner. These also provide traders with great risk-reward opportunities, as oscillators usually (but not all the time) provide overbought and oversold signals near market tops and bottoms.
RSI and Stochastic Oscillator
Fundamental Contrarian Trading
A contrarian trader that uses fundamental data in their trade analysis might use the release of major economic data to enter or exit a position. This can be a country's central bank interest rate decision or a country's gross domestic product (GDP) reading as a contrarian indicator. An example of this would be that instead of entering a long position in a product after an interest rate hike, the contrarian might wait for the release of the data and then sell the product once it has reached a certain overbought level in response to the favourable news. They would do this in anticipation of the market buyers exiting their long positions to profit-take as the upside momentum starts to fade and the profit-taking activity sets in. The same goes with a negative data reading; instead of entering a short position with the crowd after the negative reading, a contrarian trader might wait for the release of the data and then enter a buy position once the product has reached a certain oversold level in response to the unfavourable news. They would do this in anticipation of the market sellers exiting their short positions to profit-take as the downside momentum starts to fade and the profit-taking activity sets in.
US Dollar Index: US Pending Home Sales for June 2023
Market Sentiment: Contrarian Trading
Contrarians use this to assess the overall mood or sentiment of market participants. This is particularly crucial to contrarian traders when it is overwhelmingly positive or negative, as these could indicate an impending market reversal. Famous contrarian trader and investor Warren Buffet has a saying: "Be fearful when others are greedy, and greedy when others are fearful." When you hear this quote, you can't help but question if he has a point, as on average, around 75–80% of traders are unprofitable. Monitoring the crowd’s mood or sentiment gives the contrarian the insight and resolve needed to determine an ideal entry point for initiating a trading position. The psychology behind the crowd’s position is also very important, since excessive optimism in a rising market or constant pessimism in a falling market are well-recognised signs of incoming market reversals that a contrarian trader looks for.
Psychology plays a key role in all markets because supply and demand factors reflect the different opinions of participants in the market. In practice, applying the contrarian theory means looking for situations characterised by very one-sided or "crowded" market psychology. This allows smart money to call market reversals ahead of the actual countertrend market movement occurring, and contrarians typically set up their trading plans to reflect this understanding.
Risks and Challenges of Contrarian Trading
Contrarian trading carries significant risk. A market that continues trending in one direction longer than a contrarian trader anticipates, potentially leading to severe losses. Effective risk management is paramount in contrarian trading. Traders should use strict stop-loss orders to limit potential losses and take-profit orders to secure profits when the price moves in the desired direction. This makes accurately predicting market reversals quite challenging, and contrarians can get severely burned trying to pick tops and bottoms, especially in aggressive bull or bear market runs. While technical analysis tools can offer valuable insights, they are imperfect and should be used with other forms of analysis. Additionally, contrarian trading often requires a great deal of patience, as the market may take time to correct and profitable opportunities may not present themselves immediately.
Bitcoin's Bull Market Run 2021
Contrarian trading may not be suitable for all traders. It requires a high level of expertise and very quick thinking under stressful conditions, along with the fortitude not to get influenced or pressured by other traders. A trader that is limited by these requirements and trades this way will have very inconsistent results that will leave the trader feeling guilty about losing money due to trading against the market and will most likely quit due to the frustration from these losses.
Contrarian trading is a strategy that can be highly profitable if used correctly. However, it is important for traders to approach this strategy with caution and a clear understanding of its risks and limitations, and most importantly, to understand that the market must be respected; otherwise, it will humble you very quickly. Correctly identifying potential opportunities to take contrarian positions takes dedicated planning in setting entry and exit points and managing risk correctly. If all this is done consistently, traders can increase their chances of being profitable by trading this way.
BluetonaFX
The Carry Trade
With the current aggressive interest rate hikes happening with some of the world's leading central banks due to inflation problems, we figured it would be an ideal time to discuss the carry trade.
This post will go into further detail about the carry trade and how it works in the forex market. We will also discuss one of the most popular carry trades to take place in forex history and the risks traders should be wary of when trying to implement this strategy.
What is the carry trade?
The simple explanation of the carry trade is that a speculator borrows one financial instrument to buy another financial instrument. For example, let's assume that you go into a bank and borrow $10,000, which then charges you a 1% lending fee ($100). You then take that $10,000 and purchase a Treasury bond that pays you 5% a year. Your profit is 4% (minus commissions and other costs). Basically, you have profited from the difference in the interest rate. This is the carry trade in its simplest form.
The carry trade in the Forex market
The carry trade in the forex market is one of the oldest and simplest forms of forex trading strategies. It was first developed by fund managers to take advantage of the interest rate differentials between currency pairs. A carry trade occurs when you buy a high-interest currency against a low-interest currency. For each day that you hold that trade, the broker will credit you the interest difference between the two currencies (this difference is called the 'interest rate differential'), as long as you are trading in the interest-positive direction. To understand this further, let's give an example:
In the forex market, currencies are traded in pairs (so if you buy USD/JPY, you are actually buying the US dollar and selling the Japanese Yen at the same time).
You receive interest on the currency position you BUY and pay interest on the currency position you SELL.
What makes the carry trade unique in the forex market is that interest payments take place every trading day based on your position. This is because technically, all positions are closed at the end of the trading day in the forex market. You just don’t see it happen if you carry your position overnight due to the fact that brokers close and reopen your position, and then they credit or debit you the overnight interest rate differential between the two currencies (this is also called a rollover or swap).
The amount of leverage available from forex brokers has made carry trades very attractive in the forex market. Most, if not all, forex trading is margin-based, meaning you only have to put up a small amount of the position and your broker will put up the rest. Many brokers ask traders for as little as 1% or even less as margin to trade a position.
Continuing from our above USDJPY example, let's assume that interest rates are 6% for the US dollar and 1% for the Japanese Yen (so the interest rate differential is 5%). Let us assume that you deposit $10,000 with a broker and decide to buy USDJPY with the intention to carry trade and earn +5% interest a year. Let's say the broker offers you 100:1 leverage and you want to purchase $10,000 worth of that currency. Since the broker is offering you 100:1 leverage, you would only require a 1% deposit for the position; therefore, you hold $100 in margin. Now you have an open USDJPY trade that is worth $10,000 and is receiving 5% a year in interest. To get a clearer picture of this, let's see the image below:
What will happen to your account if you do nothing for a year? There are three possibilities. Let’s take a look at each one in the image below:
Due to the 100:1 leverage being offered to you, in this scenario you have the potential to earn at least 5% a year from your initial $10,000, but there are huge risks to this (we will get to that later).
The infamous AUDJPY carry trade
During the early to mid-2000s, traders experienced near-perfect combinations of these conditions across numerous forex pairs, most popularly the AUDJPY. This particular FX carry trade involved going long on the AUDJPY.
The Australian dollar has historically yielded higher interest rates than other global currencies. The Bank of Japan has been keeping interest rates low since the mid-1990s in an effort to revive the economy after a stock market crash caused a recession. The Bank of Japan has persisted with its approach to low interest rates, and in 2016, it announced negative interest rates. This means Japanese banks now pay interest on the cash they deposit with the Bank of Japan instead of earning interest on it.
AUDJPY Exchange Rate and Interest Rate Differential 2001–2014
As you can see in the image above, the interest rate differential between Australia and Japan was consistently high. Due to the Australian dollar yielding a much higher return on investment compared to the Japanese yen, the situation provided retail traders and big institutions great opportunities for carry trading to occur with this currency pair and reaped huge profits from it. These conditions boomed, especially throughout the early to mid-2000s; however, this seemed to change just before the end of the 2000s. In 2008, with the global recession, the economic conditions surrounding Australian and Japanese investments changed as interest rates in Japan drifted slightly upward from near zero to just above zero, while interest rates in Australia fell considerably. As a result of both countries having their interest rates close to each other, the Japanese yen drastically appreciated against the Australian dollar, which would have caused traders huge losses when implementing the carry trade method during this period. You can see this in the chart below:
AUDUSD 3-Month Chart
Interest rates have changed since then: as of August 2023, Australia's interest rates are now back up to 4.10%, while Japan's interest rate remains at -0.1%.
Risks of the carry trade
The biggest risk in a carry trade strategy is the absolute uncertainty of exchange rates. For example, if a trader is buying a currency to profit from that currency pair's interest rate differential and the country of the currency cuts its interest rate unexpectedly, the exchange rate of that currency will most likely drastically fall, which can potentially cause the trader to suffer sudden and big financial losses. Due to this, it is important to look at more than just the interest rates on the currencies before you trade on the forex market. Additionally, if a country’s economic outlook does not look positive, the demand for that country's currency will decrease, especially if the market thinks that their central bank will have to lower interest rates to help their economy.
Another important risk factor for traders to consider with the carry trade is that if substantial leverage is used to implement it, then big market moves against the trader's favour could result in losses that may cause margin calls, the position being automatically stopped out, or worse, losing more than your initial deposit and the trader's account ending up in a negative balance.
Lastly, global markets and economies have still not fully recovered from the global crash of 2008. Carry trades are very difficult to do now with major forex pairs due to the majority of brokers no longer offering positive swaps on major pairs. Traders have been looking at some exotic currency pairs as viable options because some of their countries' interest rates are still high. Exotics such as the Mexican peso, the South African rand, and the Nigerian naira are all options that many forex brokers offer, with currency pairs featuring USD, GBP, EUR, and even JPY variations. However, exotic currency pairs can be extremely volatile and dangerous as traders are susceptible to experiencing big market moves constantly in both directions, which makes these currencies very unpredictable and can cause traders big losses. These currency pairs can also be very expensive to trade due to the high spreads and possible additional commission costs.
1 Month MXNJPY chart example:
The above chart shows that traders have been looking at exotic currencies as alternative options to continue carry trades, though they pose very high risks and can be very expensive to trade.
The carry trade, while potentially lucrative and rewarding, can be very dangerous, and you must consider all risk factors if you are looking to implement this trading method. Trading this way with major and cross-currency pairs is very difficult to do now, and we cannot stress enough that you must trade with absolute caution if you’re implementing the exotic currencies into your own carry trading strategy. That being said, we may get to a time again where carry trades are possible with major currency pairs as interest rates are going back up globally in an attempt to recover from the global inflation crisis. Forex brokers may be open again to offer traders positive swaps on majors and crosses.
BluetonaFX
Trade Discipline - Improving Your Entries
How many times have you been stopped out of a great trading idea you noticed just because you missed your original entry and decided to enter at a worse price?
This was most likely due to the fear of missing out (FOMO) and lack of discipline that got you into the trade.
You were right on the market direction, but due to FOMO and your lack of discipline, the trade entry was bad, and you ended up being stopped out, only to then painfully watch the market go your way.
Do not feel bad, as this has happened to the best of us, so this post will discuss methods on how to improve your entries and discipline to ensure that you do not get stopped out again because of a bad entry.
Never chase missed entries.
Let’s say the market is in a nice healthy trend, making a series of higher highs and higher lows. And when you overlay the 20-day moving average over it, you notice the market bounce off the moving average quite a few times. You then get a buy signal near the moving average, but unfortunately, you missed the entry and are just watching the market go up without making any money from it.
Now, when you look at the chart, the market is very far away from the 20-day moving average. So even though the market is currently in an uptrend, ideally you don’t want to be buying now because, from looking at your analysis, the market tends to pull back to the 20-day moving average. If you impulsively buy when the price is very far away from the 20-day moving average, when the price is overstretched and the market has been overbought, there’s a high probability the market will reverse or pullback, and you will most likely get stopped out.
We all miss entries and opportunities; it is completely normal to do so, and sometimes the market can give you a second chance to enter by coming back to your original level. If it does not and you completely miss the move, do not dwell on it; dust it off and move on. The markets are not going anywhere, and plenty more opportunities will come your way.
You can see in the above image why it is a bad idea to chase missed entries. When the impulsive move has happened and you missed the initial move, leave the market alone at that current time. Either wait for a pullback to trade the continuation, or if your analysis is suggesting a possible market reversal, then wait for a confirmation signal and trade the reversal at a good entry price.
Be Proactive.
Many traders, especially beginners, do not place enough importance on entries when trying to get consistent profits in the markets. The reason why entries are important is due to market noise and the limited funds that traders have. Let me explain further: Traders are buying and selling constantly; therefore, all markets have ups and downs (market noise). This means that markets rarely go up and down in a straight line, so when you put your hard-earned capital at risk in a trade, due to the up and down ticks, your capital will float up and down as the market moves up and down. So if your entry is bad, then you are more likely to get stopped out due to market noise.
If you want to see consistency in your trading, it is crucial to work on your timing and discipline. The best thing you can do to improve the entries in your trades is to be proactive, not reactive.
Being proactive means planning ahead for your trade entry. You must do your homework to anticipate and predict the key levels in the markets to help you get the best entries. Setting up trades after the market closes or during quiet hours is one effective way to be proactive and help improve your entry. You will not second-guess yourself as compared to being a reactive trader because you are prepared. The reactive trader, as the name suggests, reacts to the constant ebb and flow of market prices, always working in "the now." More often than not, reactive traders will end up jumping into momentum plays that will reverse on them, leaving this type of trader frustrated and confused.
Use Limit Orders to improve trade entry.
When using a limit order, you place a limit on how much you're willing to pay to buy or sell a specific product. Limit orders allow traders to enter the market at the best possible price. For example, if you have a specific setup with a good entry level that the market may reach, you can place a limit order at that specific price to buy or sell. Limit orders are very helpful in giving traders the patience and discipline to wait for their entry prices instead of spontaneously entering the market at random levels that will most likely stop them out.
The main disadvantage of a limit order is that there are no guarantees that the order will actually go through. The product price must meet the limit order specifications to execute properly; however, even with this disadvantage, it is still better to have better control by entering at a price you want instead of entering at a price you are not comfortable with.
Support and Resistance levels.
Support and Resistance levels are in the markets for a reason, and you should use them to help with your entries. One of the worst things you could do is think the market is going up and end up buying it at a resistance level before it heads down to stop you out, only for it to go back up again.
Always look at your charts, and get into the habit of looking to the left. Why? Because looking to the left will give you information on historical price movements, and with those movements, you will see consistent areas where the market bounced off (Support) and consistent areas where the market pulled back (Resistance). When you really understand this and grasp how support and resistance levels work, you will instinctively understand these levels and will actually notice the market moving towards them to test them. So the next time you think the market is going up, try to enter near or at a support level, and if you think the market is going down, try to enter near or at a resistance level.
The image above shows support and resistance levels in the market. Can you notice how the market is always drawn to these levels? You can see the numerous times the market has traded around these areas. These areas are often good entry points for your trades, and you should always take the time to look at your charts for these levels.
Use additional timeframes.
Using one or more additional timeframes to double-check a trend can help improve your entries.
For example, if you’re using a four-hour chart as your main timeframe to look for opportunities on a specific product and you spot a pullback from a bull run that has the potential of a big reversal, you could confirm the broader move by taking a look at a daily chart to confirm how long the trend has lasted or identify some support and resistance levels in its wider trend. Alternatively, you could hop over to an hourly chart or 30-minute chart and see what is happening on a smaller timeframe.
By doing this, you can also check whether buyers or sellers are in charge during the current trading period.
What you want to avoid doing, though, is adding too many different charts to your analysis and moving between them at random to find opportunities. Instead, stick to a ‘base chart’ that you use to trade, with one or two others for confirming moves.
As you can see in the image above, there are three charts. On the main time frame, a potential reversal signal was spotted, and there may be a possible pullback to the bull run. By looking at both the longer time frame and the shorter time frame to help support the analysis, this will help improve your entry because, for example, if all timeframes clash with each other or show conflicting signals, this may help the trader second guess their original analysis and may decide to wait for clearer confirmation signs on all time frames before deciding to enter the market.
The goal of every trader is to be successful in achieving consistent profits, and entries play a big part in this. You can correctly call the market and still lose money due to bad entries. The more you understand key market levels and have the discipline to wait and trade around them, the more probability you will have of trades going your way. Though it is still possible to lose trades on good entries, trading is a probabilistic outcome with no guarantees, so why would you want to enter at a bad entry price to give yourself a disadvantage in the markets before the trade has even started?
Trade safely and responsibly.
BluetonaFX
Convergence & DivergenceOne of the important concepts that traders should understand is the difference between divergence and convergence, two terms that are often used interchangeably but have distinct meanings and implications for trading.
Convergence refers to a situation where both the price of an asset and a technical indicator are moving in the same direction. For example, in a situation in which both the price of an asset and an indicator show an uptrend, there is a high probability that the trend will continue. So, here, the price and indicator CONVERGE (follow the same direction), and the trader may hesitate to trade in the opposite direction, as this is often seen as confirmation that the price movement is strong and likely to continue.
Divergence refers to a situation where the price of an asset is moving in one direction while a technical indicator is moving in the opposite direction. For example, if we again consider the situation when the price of an asset shows an uptrend and, this time, the trend of a technical indicator is falling, there is a high probability of a trend reversal. So, here, the price and indicator DIVERGE (go in opposite directions). This is often seen as a warning sign that the price movement may not be sustainable and could soon reverse.
To further understand the difference between convergence and divergence, let's look at some of the most commonly used technical indicators in trading:
Relative Strength Index (RSI)
RSI measures the strength of an asset by comparing the average gains and losses over a specified period of time. When the RSI value is above 70, it is considered overbought and is seen as likely to reverse soon. When the RSI value is below 30, it is considered oversold and is seen as likely to rebound.
RSI Convergence
RSI Divergence
Moving Average Convergence Divergence (MACD)
MACD measures the difference between two moving averages of an asset's price movements. Traders use the MACD to identify when bullish or bearish momentum is high. There is usually one short-term moving average and one long-term moving average. When the short-term moving average crosses above the long-term moving average, it is seen as a bullish signal, while a cross below the long-term moving average is seen as a bearish signal.
MACD Convergence
MACD Divergence
Commodity Channel Index (CCI)
CCI measures the difference between an asset's price change and its average price change. High positive readings indicate that the asset's price is above its average, which is seen as a bullish signal. Low negative readings indicate the asset's price is below its average, which is seen as a bearish signal. If the CCI value is above +100, this is seen as a signal of the start of an uptrend. If the CCI value is below -100, this is seen as a signal of the start of a downtrend.
CCI Convergence
CCI Divergence
It is crucial to note that convergence and divergence are not guaranteed indicators of future price movements. Traders should use them in conjunction with other technical and fundamental analyses to aid their trading decisions. Traders should also be cautious of the fact that all indicators are lagging behind the current price action, and therefore they must be prepared to adjust their strategies accordingly.
Trade safely and responsibly.
BluetonaFX
Demo vs Live TradingWhen most new traders finally switch over from demo to live trading, they usually believe that their demo trading results can easily be replicated on a live account. Because of this misconception, many are left frustrated and demoralised when they finally realise that this is far from the case. Here are a few reasons why:
Real money and real emotions
Demo is risk-free
Chasing losses on a live account
Cutting profits short
We have discussed the main differences between demo and live trading, but will delve further into the psychological barriers when live trading and how to overcome them in a future post. Stay tuned!
BluetonaFX
CORRELATION IN TRADINGHave you ever noticed a time when a certain product went up and another similar product went down at around the same time? Or when that product went down and another product also went down at the same time? If the answer is yes, then what you noticed was 'product correlation' in action.
What exactly is product correlation? In the financial markets, correlation is a statistical measure of how two products move in relation to each other. Product correlation tells us whether two products tend to move in the same or opposite direction or whether they move completely independently of each other without any discernible pairing pattern over a specific period of time.
Let us look at an example from a Forex (currency pair) trade (visual chart examples further below): If EURUSD goes up and USDJPY goes down, this is called a NEGATIVE correlation and if GBPUSD goes down and AUDUSD also goes down, this is called a POSITIVE correlation. When trading forex in particular, it is vital to remember that since currencies are traded in pairs, no one currency pair is ever totally isolated. Therefore, if you plan on trading more than one currency pair at a time, it is very important to understand how different currency pairs move in relation to each other. Correlation also applies to other types of products such as gold, silver, stocks and indices.
Let us take a more detailed look at how correlation is worked out. Correlation is computed into a number known as the "correlation coefficient". This number ranges between -1 and +1:
•Perfect negative correlation (an exact correlation coefficient of -1) means that the two respective products will move in the opposite direction 100% of the time.
•Perfect positive correlation (an exact correlation coefficient of +1) implies that the two respective products will move in the same direction 100% of the time.
•If the correlation is 0, the movements between the two respective products are said to have no correlation and their movements are completely independent from each other. In other words, there is no way to predict how one product will move in relation to the other.
POSITIVE CORRELATION
NEGATIVE CORRELATION
PLEASE NOTE!!! Although correlation exists in the financial markets, it is NOT set in stone as a guarantee. Firstly, the correlation coefficient between products in the financial markets is rarely, if ever, at +1 and -1. Secondly and more importantly, every individual product has its own UNIQUE supply and demand measures and also has buyers and sellers that have their own UNIQUE motivations and goals in relation to that specific product. When a product goes up or down, this does NOT necessarily mean that it will always follow in line or go the opposite way to another product.
Trade safely and responsibly!
BluetonaFX
GBPUSD Sell From Daily ChannelI have not posted much due to the fact I have been travelling a lot, but I have still been trading with the members. This was a swing trade on GBPUSD I took at the start of this week.
GBPUSD has been on a downwards path for the past couple of days from the daily time frame. You can clearly see price creating lower lows and lower highs and I waited for price to push back up to a resistance level before taking it back down for a 1:6 RR. The resistance level also lined up perfectly with the downwards channel on the daily timeframe. Once we came into that level, I scaled down to the 30 minute time frame and got this perfect BD setup. Nice setup, and a nice swing trade to start my trading week off.
AUDUSD 15M BuyIt took me 5 years of trading to realise the power of Tradingview on my iPhone. Normally when I do my trading I'm using the MT4 platform off my computer, and the mobile version of MT4 can be very clunky and slow. After being convinced by my members to build the Binary Destroyer on Tradingview, I can say it has been the best decision ever in my trading. The mobile version of the TradingView with the Binary Destroyer is a game changer for me.
I took this buy setup on AUDUSD as we had come down to the 1 hour support level. I took this trade in bed!
A nice trade to end my 2023 trading off!!!!
USDCAD Pushed LowerSo if you seen my last trade idea, I was waiting for USDCAD to come into the Daily resistance level. Well on Monday afternoon we finally came up and tapped the level. This gave me a strong indication that sellers would come into the market and push price lower. I then scaled down to the lower 15 minute time frame and waited for the Binary Destroyer to give me a signal to take it short. My stop loss was a nice 15 pips with a Take Profit of 45 pips.
Nice clean and simple trade!
USDCAD pushing up into the Daily Level.So I took USDCAD long from the BD setup and managed to secure a nice 1:4 RR on the trade. This was from the 1 hour time frame. We have since come into the daily Resistance level so expecting price to slow down at this level and reverse. Will be looking to sell once we close below the TCA line.
