The Crisis every investor is waiting for. What you gonna do? #2What to do in the next 6-9 months with existing risk factors?
Educate yourself to come to a conclusion.
Do not blindly follow "experts". In the current situation we are facing several risks to the stock market. I listened to a lot of so called experts. They tell you what sounds great, what you want to hear. Most of them get paid for being on the show even it is a ZOOM call without pants. They talk anything and get paid. Do they do any research or do they collect opinions off FB and Twatter? My experience is stop listening to background noise. Improve your own skills and do research and LEARN economics and financials. The Market commentary will always be totally diametric. As a seller of an asset in a trade and the buyer of the same asset have both diametric expectations of the market. So find your own.
There are a few good YouTuber out there I listen regularly in but even though I like them and they put positive thoughts into my head do not trade what they say. You can take the idea but you MUST do your own research. It is said that any stock pick of an "expert" is as got as letting a chimpanzee chose any trades. The outcome for the Chimps is better by a bit.
If you killed your account in the process come back and let me know how it worked out. Or after you lost your first account of $20,000.00 and you got up again, we can talk about your baptizing. All good traders lost a huge amount of money before they made it right.
Having said this I can only encourage people to get financially literate. Brokers and charlatan educators rigging against you. They make huge money and you lose 90% of the time 90% of your money within 90 days.
Please be advised, I am not a financial adviser. I am not recommending any trades. I might be just a crazy guy with a wild brain.
If you want to see the picture to the story, you have to go to
hedgingstocks.blogspot dot com/2021/08/what-to-do-in-next-6-9-months-with.html.
As a content provider I should not pay for images. I do not take money either.
I listed the risk factors already. This is only my personal opinion.
What factors could that be.
Inflation
Wage Inflation
Money Supply
Money circulation
Housing bubble
The Warren Buffet indicator
China Regulations
China Currency Manipulation
China Delta Variance of Covid the huge wild card!
WE MUST ADD WAR WITH CHINA to the equation, Taiwan
And I wrote about a few of them.
Inflation
Wage Inflation
Money Supply
Money Circulation
I made a research on the housing market and if we are in a bubble that is about to burst. I do not think so for the near future. But this is a very long analysis with lot of graphs that made me conclude that the housing bubble will NOT be the IED, not the roadside bomb that will bring the market down.
My biggest candidates for now are
The China Delta Variance of Red Covid 19 the huge wild card!
Chinas potential attack on Taiwan.
Inflation and hence the start of tapering by the Feds.
For those reasons without explaining them any further I want to explain my perspective and the focus of my trades for the next six month.
I concluded that
1. The down side risk is growing and buying dips is getting too risky. I am closing my long positions slowly.
2. Tapering might start October and being announced in September during the FOMC Two-day meeting in September 21-22.
3. This will take money out of the stock market and put it into the Bond Market. It will increase YIELDS and decrease Bond Prices.
4. The FOMC said that they will start tapering with both, reducing the artificial demand for bonds and MBS.
5. MBS, Mortgage Backed Securities are basically mortgages of smaller banks that their head quarters put together in a DEBT security and sold them to the FEDs. This is a 12 billion Dolla business per month increasing the debt burden of future generations. The banks convey the default risk to the Feds /tax payers and some interest from the mortgages. The original bank keeps a portion but very little risk. If the Feds stop buying those MBS they will give the risk back to the local banks and they will have to tighten their lending rules to reduce the increased risk of defaulting. Also this will reduce revenue with the loss of selling those MBS. Financial sector will cool down during tapering.
6. The Bond market will cool down too. Yields will rise. The Feds will reduce buying Bonds and hence the prices will fall. Since the prices of these assets are falling their yield (state guaranteed interest rate) will increase. When the yield of an assets stays the same but you pay less than face value of that asset then your yield goes up. The yield /(interest) is NOT bond to the selling price of that asset but to the face value printed on that NOTE or BOND. Thats why it is said when the Feds keeps buying bonds it keeps the prices artificially high, they are manipulated, to keep the yield down. And of course the smart money goes into the stock market. There is much more to make. Got it?
(Images are available on my other blog)
Here is the 10 years Bond yield
7. The Stock Market will crash with a conflict with China. Foreign countries will take their money out of China stocks and the Asia region and flee to the US Dollar buying bonds. This bond buying might counter the yield a little. But all transactions will be conducted in USD. A conflict with China will shock the Asian markets.
8. An conflict with China will force the Feds to print more money to finance war efforts, especially if they continue over a longer period of time. It will put additional pressure on inflation during and after the war. A smaller regional conflict will not have a huge impact, as we experienced already. See image.
9. Either way, with tapering the US Dollar will rise due to the above mentioned traditional reaction.
10. With an increase of Interest rates, next year as the rumors are, the banking sector will do better. increased interest rates always benefit the banks.
11. A war over Taiwan and may be an attack on Israel by Iran or vis versa, will bring the oil and all commodity prices up big time. this will have a positive impact on oil prices and a negative impact on air travel, hotels and cruisers.
12. A review of 20 major geopolitical events dating all the way back to World War II showed stocks had fully recovered losses within an average of 47 trading days (10 weeks) after an average maximum drawdown of 5%, according to a CFRA study.
(images not possible here)
An attack on Taiwan I consider more like of the level of the Iraq invasion or Pearl Harbor. It will send shockwaves through the market and reorganize priorities. China might be out of the window. It will have a huge impact.
12. In the case of a conflict with China, not small Iran or their proxies, the US Dollar will gain in value. Why is that? Shipping routs will be interrupted. Heavily needed Commodity Prices will rise. Oil prices will rise and so do chemical products. The US dollar would rise because it is the reserve currency of the world, and a hedge against uncertainty. Almost all petrochemical contracts as well as oil and other commodities are denominated in the US dollar. The sole exception to this rule is China. A rising Dollar will be anti inflationary.
13. Contradicting this approach will be the wild card of the China Delta Covid. If there are more shut downs coming, more port closures and transportation chain bottle necks, inflation in the PPI and later in the CPI will increase. But the cocaine operation of the Feds (buying MBS and printing money) will continue and tapering will not start. Keep doing what we are doing, buy the dips. Then inflation will start to increase the pace, rate of inflation will rise.
Conclusion
We have four levels. and each of them requires different actions
1. Inflation and hence the start of tapering by the Feds.
2. Cooling of the Money Velocity, M2V, and the increase of interest rates.
3. The Delta Variance, the huge wild card!
4. Chinas attack on Taiwan.
1. Inflation and hence the start of tapering by the Feds.
Go long USD, buy UUP ETF, US-Dollar ETF
Go Short AUD, Australia has a huge lockdown in place and its economy also is 20% depending on China. Shorting the Aussie looks good to me.
Find an Currency ETF you can trust, USD / AUD and go long, not the other way around.
Sell Bear Call Credit Spreads since the markets will rise slower and the strike might not be triggered. I chose Short Call 3 Standard Deviation OTM on the QQQ and SPY then Long Call for hedging $10 above that price. Maybe with tapering you could sell at 2nd standard deviation. I am not sure about this yet.
2. Cooling of the Money Velocity, M2V, and the increase of interest rates.
Go long USD, buy UUP ETF, US-Dollar ETF, rising interest rates are good for the USD.
Go Short AUD, Australia has a huge lockdown in place and its economy also is 20% depending on China. Shorting the Aussie looks good to me
Sell Call Bear Credit Spreads since the markets (QQQ, SPY, IWM) will rise slower and the strike might not be triggered. I chose Short Call 2 Standard Deviation OTM on the QQQ and SPY then Long Call for hedging $10 above that price.
Buy Diagonal Put Debit Spreads. Go long PUT 1 standard Deviation OTM, 3 months DTE and to lower costs with buying the same PUT BUT with a shorter DTE (maybe 1 month) to cover costs, assuming that the strike will not be hit until in one month. Or Sell Calendar Spread 1 standard Deviation OTM.
3. The Delta Variance, the huge wild card!
If lockdowns are announced and the economic recovery seems to slow, stagflation, the Feds money will continue to flow. Inflation will rise and the Stock Market will rise. I will do the same as above but move my strikes for the credit spreads to the third Standard Deviation and reduce DTE from 45 days to 30.
Additionally to what is said you can do the following. Maybe the better choice in short term.
Buy a Call Diagonal Spreads with two different Strikes and Expiration Dates. Buy Call with a DTE, maybe one month. Buy it OTM, one StandDev.
Sell a shorter term Call, maybe two weeks, further OTM, maybe 5$ for the QQQ to reduce costs. You expect the short position to expire worthless at date of Expiration and the long Call still continues in the money, ITM, for the next two weeks.
Buy Calendar Spreads with the same strike but two different Expiration Dates, maybe one month and 14 days. Buy it OTM with one month DTE, Sell a shorter term Call further OTM, same strike to reduce costs. You expect the short position to expire worthless at date of Expiration and the long Call still continues since the strike price is not yet hit. So be careful choosing the Strike!
4. Chinas attack on Taiwan
Go long Oil ETF, COG, CABOT OIL & GAS CORP; NRT, NORTH EUROPEAN OIL ROYALTY TRUST;
Refining companies
(Lists not possible to post here)
Integrated Oil
(Lists not possible to post here)
Sell shares in Chinese ETFs or companies, they will instantly lose value. Be conscious about the spread. Be careful not to buy options, they might not be respected. You can google them. Go large caps.
(Lists not possible to post here)
Buy USD. It is said USD will rise and so inflation. A war with China there will be no doubt that they will pump money into the system. Inflation will rise and uncertainty of foreign countries will seek save harbor in the USD
How to set up a Bear Call Spread will follow . I just cannot put this all into one article.
At least here is a guide line. Technicals are secondary but important.
Now we could look at the charts and look how to set up the trade since we know what to look for and we will listen to the news and watch the indicators to confirm our assumptions. Be careful at those times.
SPY, S&P500 market index ETF
DIA, Dow Jones Market Index, ETF
IMW, Small Cap Russel 2000, ETF
QQQ, NASDAQ, ETF
VIX, Volatility Index, reacts inverse to S&P500
AUM, AUD in USD Index
UUP, USD, ETF
AAPL Stocks as leading indicator for QQQ and SPY
Hedging
AUDUSD Long Trade SetupIt seems like the 4th wave is in the making. The last low can be the end of the B. If so, the B wave is an expanding flat. Since it's an expanding flat, we may see more downside, but I like the bounce-back as a reversal impulse. I'm waiting for a correction to place a pending order. At the end of the 4th wave, I may hedge my trade, or book my profit.
Hedging with short DVNWhen the market reached a (new) All Time High earlier today I wanted to get some short Delta in my positions. I learned my lesson during the 'recent unpleasantness' bottom of 7/19 that being all net long puts one at risk of volatility in a portfolio... even if the positions themselves individually remain strong and profitable.
This morning's volatility setup a good short entry on NYSE:DVN that by looking at futures this evening should hedge against tomorrow's potential downside.
Earnings are close so I may need to de-risk next week before.
AUDCAD Long Trade SetupMy main forecast is a correction and more downside. That's why I want to take a short trade, but it can be a good idea to take a long for hedging. Now, I'm waiting for a small bounce-back to have a bottom to set my SL. When I have it, I'll place a pending order over the last top. 0.93150 is the Fib confluence level, where I'll hedge my trade.
GOLD - Wait for the C&H to develop...Not ready yet! Watch for a double-bottom divergence on RSI/MACD. That will trigger a massive increase in volume to push us up above the handle. A break above the rim is confirmation. I'm personally interested in allocating 5% of my portfolio to this anticipated move in light of US/global monetary/economic conditions. Looking for a BUY signal around 1550 give or take.
BTC short, potentially swingBTC bearish these days, I see its coming back towards the top of a range + trendline so i wanted to start shorting it with a partial position and will scale in further with another sell limit near the trendline itself. I have included a hedge order in the setup too as I see a potential break of 70 ma and a price level around 36,4xx and will aim to close hedge at the price of sell limit. With G7 talks ongoing though this setup could be derailed if they say something affecting crypto, but we'll see ;)
NI225 Breakout anticipation I see ascending triangle so have placed buy stop above resistance because I'm anticipating the resistance level to be broken, I have a hedge order to reduce drawdown and a buy limit to scale in if it goes against me too.
USD/JPY correlation also supports this breakout idea as its showing a descending triangle
Trade Idea (Hedge): SPY July 16th 416/2 x 432 Put Ratio/ZebraPictured here is a July 16th 416/432 Put Ratio with twice the number of contracts on the long side as on the short which I can either do as a standalone directional shot or (in this particular case) a hedge against a portfolio that is longer than the net delta of this particular setup.
Here's how it's constructed:
Start out by (a) looking to buy 2 x (or some multiple thereof) the 75 delta long put in the expiry in which you want to erect your hedge and selling the at the money put, which should be around 50 long delta.
The initial result of this setup from a delta standpoint should be: (2 x -75 delta) - 50 delta = 100 short delta.
You can proceed to fiddle with which strikes you want to buy such that your break even is at or slightly above where the underlying is currently trading. This is to ensure that you're not paying more than you have to, as well as to ensure that the extrinsic in the short put pays for all of the extrinsic in the longs -- hence, the clever nickname for this ssetup: the Zero Extrinsic Back RAtio or "Zebra."
The end result:
Max Loss: 29.71
Max Profit (Theoretical): 418.29 (Assuming the Underlying Goes to Zero)
Delta: -89.52 Dynamic
Break Even: 417.15 versus 416.74 Spot
Ordinarily, I look at ratios in two pieces, the first being the long put vertical consisting of the short put and one contract of the long; the second, the "extra" long. Max profit is realized in the long put vertical aspect on a finish below the short put strike. From a trade management standpoint, I generally opt to take this aspect off at or near max, which in this case would be something a little short of 16.00 (the width of the spread) and then either (a) allow the remaining long put to ride; or (b) sell another at-the-money short put, converting the ratio into a static, standalone spread to protect myself against a whipsaw back up into the remaining long put strike. There is, after all, little point in keeping the long put vertical aspect on after it has converged on max because you won't can't make anything more on it (but can naturally still lose money on it).
EURJPY Short Trade SetupMy forecast is a pretty big drop, but before that, it looks like we will have one more upside after a correction. I don't think the running flat is over, but I will take a long trade when I see a valid trade setup. After a new high, I'll hedge my trade, and hopefully, I will catch the starting of a huge drop.
EURCAD Short Trade SetupI want to take a long trade because my forecast is an upward impulse for about 1000 pips. But before that, it looks like we will have one more drop for a complete correction. That's why I'll take a short trade to hedge it. I'm waiting for a reversal structure to place a pending order. When the red line is broken, I'll move SL to BE. Because the correction can become a running flat (yellow arrows).
Tips for Beginners Playing the Downside!Here is a quick tip on how beginners can translate what they know about playing the upside and utilize the inversion of the chart to make sense of playing the downside!
A lot of New Traders have a tough time playing the downside and this is a great way to start making sense of it!
XAUUSD Long Trade SetupI took a long trade because my expectation is the yellow C. But what is in the making after the yellow B can become a correction. That's why I'll move SL to BE if it breaks the previous high at 1731.50. Then we will see if it will keep going up. In the case of the yellow C, I'll hedge my trade. So I didn't buy it to book my profit. As you can see, its R:R is not good.
Best Pairs to Hedge if you have an American Trading Account.This is just a quick video in response to a question a friend of mine had and so I thought I'd share my response to him with everyone else.
If anyone has any questions about advanced trading, feel free to drop me a line and let's chat.
-------------------------
Please don't forget to FOLLOW, LIKE, and COMMENT ...
If you like my analysis:)
Trade Safe - Trade Well
Regards,
Michael Harding 😎 Chief Technical Strategist @ LEFTURN Inc.
RISK DISCLAIMER
Information and opinions contained with this post are for educational purposes and do not constitute trading recommendations. Trading Forex on margin carries a high level of risk and may not be suitable for all investors. Before deciding to invest in Forex you should consider your knowledge, investment objectives, and your risk appetite. Only trade/invest with funds you can afford to lose.
IF everything melts down, this is our plan.- We are observing signals of a possible bearish movement. Yesterday we saw strong selling power on the market, and due to the current situation, we want to be ready for hedging in case of a 14 - 15 % bearish movement. We are not saying that a short impulse will happen. The idea of this post is to have a strategy in case we have this type of situation.
-Which is the plan? IF the price goes below the red line, we will short the index using S&P500 micro futures (ticker MES), and we will set our stop loss above the current impulse. Break-Even on the next horizontal line. Target on the Lower support zone you can see on the chart.
-When you buy or sell a Micro S&P500 Futures contract, you are getting exposure to a 12.500USD position on the Index. You can take this type of position as a Hedging strategy (imagine you are opened on the market for 12.500USD (on stocks), if you sell the index and the price reaches the target, you protected your portfolio from that loss.
-What happens if your order is executed and the stop loss is reached? You can consider the loss as insurance you pay for protecting your portfolio (-600USD more or less)
-Also, this type of movement can be taken as a normal trade risking a fixed % of the capital (Remember it's very wise not to risk more than 1% of the capital on any given trade)
-And finally, if the price keeps going up, and the short order is never executed, then you didn't risk anything, and everything keeps going as normal.
Use this as an informational post; we are not providing any advice here; you should take your own decisions on the market. Thanks for reading!
HEX Token Gamma ChartHello,
HEX token has a daily pump that comes from decentralized exchanges that swap other cryptocurrencies for HEX in order to meet the expected price for its stakers.
On days where more investor stakes are ending, there will be larger buys--sometimes in the 10's of millions of dollars worth of ETH.
This chart tells you optimal times to buy HEX throughout the day, based upon their deviations from VWAP.
ANYTIME that HEX drops into the 2nd or 3rd deviations, decentralized exchanges are forced to use it more due to liquidity pairings.
In otherwords---anytime is a good time to buy HEX and stake, because it's the only TRUE deflationary cryptocurrency.
Bitcoin is going to rapidly inflate this year because of this reason as well.
You can use HEX to hedge your position on ANY stock investment too, because it has gamma that is (more or less) the inverse of Bitcoin.
Hope this helps!
CORRELATION,DIVERSIFYING & HEDGING: An elementary viewGreetings
In the world of forex trading or trading of any financial instrument for that matter, many complex, technical and convoluted words are thrown around in conversations. Such jargon, though is relevant, tends to result in many blank stares especially among some of my peers, many of whom are not finance, economics or statistic fundi's. Many of them with basic education, yearn to be part of these conversations and also contribute their own opinions. This leads to many of them simply offering that awkward nod, wide smile and occasional laugh when everyone else does. they are relegated to conversation observers who's feet seem stuck to the floor. I've been there and that feeling is gut-wrenching, degrading and leads you to view the rest of the crowd as snobs, elitists or braggarts. this then creates apathy toward the subject matter. Well i will try, through this article, to open one of the many back doors to this world. I will attempt to unwrap and "break it down" to bite size chunks so that maybe one day when you are in the midst of the so called "esteemed highbrows", you will also throw in your "two cents".
This article will explore the concept of correlation trading. Correlation can also be viewed as the interconnection, interdependence, association or link between. So correlation trading (especially in forex), is basically a statistical measure of the relationship (or association or interdependence) of currency pairs. A simplified example would be if you take the AUDJPY pair. This pair is an association or link-between the AUDUSD and the USDJPY . It would stand to argue that the AUDJPY pair is "correlated" to the AUDUSD and USDJPY. A negative correlation implies that the currency pairs will move in opposing directions while positive correlations tend to move in the same direction. Negative correlated pairs are usually used for hedging purposes. Correlation coefficients range from-1 to +1. A correlation of -1 implies that the two currency pairs will move in opposite directions every time and vice versa if the coefficient is +1. In the past, at this stage of the conversation, I would have switched off looking for how to exit the group, but read further as we further dissect this further. What i have come to appreciate is that you don't have to fully get it the first time, but it will make sense as you progress.
So correlations are usually tabulated and presented in different date ranges, namely daily, weekly, monthly, 6 monthly and yearly. A simple example of the EURUSD against USDJPY pair would look like:
DAILY +0.44
WEEKLY -0.42
MONTHLY -0.34
6 MONTHLY -0.55
YEARLY -0.85
interpretation
Over a period of one year the EURUSD had a strong negative correlation against the USDJPY , meaning that 85% of the time when the EURUSD went up the USDJPY went down. Conversely over the daily time period these pairs were positively correlated. This example was also deliberately drawn up to show the correlations do not always remain the same over time. From the example the effects BREXIT might cause the temporary positive correlation on the daily time range among many other economic factors taking place in Japan.
SHOW ME HOW TO MAKE FROM THIS!!!
Now we have some understanding of correlation in forex pairs, here's how the "mashed potatoes mixes with the gravy". We know that the EURZAR and the USDZAR have a very strong positive correlation(I am biased on ZAR: South African Rand since i'm the mother continent), so trading trading on both pairs might not be advisable as it simply doubles your exposure. For instance you buy 1 lot of EURZAR and the same on USDZAR , knowing that these pairs are likely to move in the same direction, will simply double the chances of you losing more if the trade goes against you and vice versa. Lets say you try to get a "one up" on the market like what i tried to do when I started trading by going long on EURZAR and short on USDZAR at the same time. Well my friend that is a contra-trade (a trade that cancels the other) and most of the time you will end in a loss. You might be asking how you will end in a loss if the trades cancel out each other, well firstly these pairs don't always move in the same exact pip range (because they are not 100% correlated) and they have different pip values. Trust me the math doesn't lie, I won't go into it i might lose you at this point. However pairs that are negatively correlated to the EURZAR like the ZARJPY should not take an opposite position. Since we know that when the EURZAR goes up the ZARJPY goes down. So buying (or going long on) EURZAR and selling (or going short on) ZARJPY is the same as buying two position of EURZAR . In other words we have doubled our risk.
Some people might say well that the disadvantages stated above can also be utilised to our benefit if we know how to hedge our trades and also bring in diversification. Now this conversation is the one where we graduate to the master class of the inner circle of trading pro's. a friend approached me and enlightened me to the fact you can also diversify your trading portfolio, especially if you have a directional bias on a particular pair. Say, for example, you believe that the ZAR is entering a bullish season, you can diversify by putting a buy(going long) on EURZAR and USDZAR knowing fully well that the American economy has a different bias than the European monetary authorities, therefore by spreading risk between EURZAR and USDZAR will lower losses if the USD goes in the opposite direction quickly, allowing you to adjust your portfolio. This learned friend of mine went on to explain that for pairs that are negatively correlated, like the EURZAR and the ZARJPY can be used for hedging purposes through the use of the different pip values ( PIP is the smallest move in the price of a currency pair). Hedging is the opening of a position with the purpose of offsetting any gain or loss on the other transaction. Assume the value of the pip move in EURZAR is $10 for a lot of 100,000 and the value of a pip move in ZARJPY is $8 or a lot of 100,000. Knowing this can help us hedge our exposure to EURZAR . (Please be aware that certain countries do not allow hedging)
Let say i open a position of 1 short EURZAR lot of 100,000 units and 1 short ZARJPY lot of 100,000 units. When the EURZAR increases by 10 pips, the 1 would in a loss of $100 (number of PIPs X Value per PIP). However, since ZARJPY moves opposite to the EURZAR , the short ZARJPY position would be profitable, nearly up to $80 (this is due to the strong negative correlation). This would turn the net loss of the portfolio into just -$20 instead of the full $100. On the flip side this hedge also means smaller profits in the event of a rally down in EURZAR . However, in the worst-case scenario, losses become relatively lower.
CONCLUSION
All traders regardless at which stage you are, from novice to grand-master, there is need to have an appreciation of correlations and how they affect your portfolio. work towards:
1.Eliminating contra-trades (Trades that cancel each other out)
2.Diversify Risk. By not putting your eggs in one basket. By taking advantage of the imperfect correlations, one can open two positions in the same direction knowing that you limit your exposure to one pair.
3. Potentially double up on profits. In our example above, the high correlation between EURZAR and USDZAR , would mean that if you open a position one of the pairs you can open a similar position on the other pairs thus potentially doubling profits and vice versa.
4. Hedging. This usually results in lower profits, but it also minimises your losses.
5. Confirm break outs and avoid fake outs. Although I did not discuss this aspect in this article, it is the very topic that will be in my next article that i will be releasing next and will sure be topic that will result in all those finance and economics gurus offering you a 2 minute attentive silence, as they nod their heads to your insightful analysis of the markets. You might even get a "let's chat later privately and explore this in depth, or that's exactly what i was about to say". This will leave you walking a little taller, with a bounce in your step, calling shots. All i am saying is if i can do this, surely you can too.
Takunda Mudenge is a market analyst based out of Zimbabwe, Africa. He writes in his personal capacity and the information is purely for educational and entertainment purposes and should not be construed or assumed to be investment advice.
The information above was collected from various investment websites and literature and all attempts were made to make it into contemporary English.
Correlation, diversifying & hedging : An elementary viewOANDA:EURZAR
Greetings
In the world of forex trading or trading of any financial instrument for that matter, many complex, technical and convoluted words are thrown around in conversations. Such jargon, though is relevant, tends to result in many blank stares especially among some of my peers, many of whom are not finance, economics or statistic fundi's. Many of them with basic education, yearn to be part of these conversations and also contribute their own opinions. This leads to many of them simply offering that awkward nod, wide smile and occasional laugh when everyone else does. they are relegated to conversation observers who's feet seem stuck to the floor. I've been there and that feeling is gut-wrenching, degrading and leads you to view the rest of the crowd as snobs, elitists or braggarts. this then creates apathy toward the subject matter. Well i will try, through this article, to open one of the many back doors to this world. I will attempt to unwrap and "break it down" to bite size chunks so that maybe one day when you are in the midst of the so called "esteemed highbrows", you will also throw in your "two cents".
This article will explore the concept of correlation trading. Correlation can also be viewed as the interconnection, interdependence, association or link between. So correlation trading (especially in forex), is basically a statistical measure of the relationship (or association or interdependence) of currency pairs. A simplified example would be if you take the AUDJPY pair. This pair is an association or link-between the AUDUSD and the USDJPY. It would stand to argue that the AUDJPY pair is "correlated" to the AUDUSD and USDJPY. A negative correlation implies that the currency pairs will move in opposing directions while positive correlations tend to move in the same direction. Negative correlated pairs are usually used for hedging purposes. Correlation coefficients range from-1 to +1. A correlation of -1 implies that the two currency pairs will move in opposite directions every time and vice versa if the coefficient is +1. In the past, at this stage of the conversation, I would have switched off looking for how to exit the group, but read further as we further dissect this further. What i have come to appreciate is that you don't have to fully get it the first time, but it will make sense as you progress.
So correlations are usually tabulated and presented in different date ranges, namely daily, weekly, monthly, 6 monthly and yearly. A simple example of the EURUSD against USDJPY pair would look like:
DAILY +0.44
WEEKLY -0.42
MONTHLY -0.34
6 MONTHLY -0.55
YEARLY -0.85
interpretation
Over a period of one year the EURUSD had a strong negative correlation against the USDJPY, meaning that 85% of the time when the EURUSD went up the USDJPY went down. Conversely over the daily time period these pairs were positively correlated. This example was also deliberately drawn up to show the correlations do not always remain the same over time. From the example the effects BREXIT might cause the temporary positive correlation on the daily time range among many other economic factors taking place in Japan.
SHOW ME HOW TO MAKE FROM THIS!
Now we have some understanding of correlation in forex pairs, here's how the "mashed potatoes mixes with the gravy". We know that the EURZAR and the USDZAR have a very strong positive correlation(I am biased on ZAR: South African Rand since i'm the mother continent), so trading trading on both pairs might not be advisable as it simply doubles your exposure. For instance you buy 1 lot of EURZAR and the same on USDZAR, knowing that these pairs are likely to move in the same direction, will simply double the chances of you losing more if the trade goes against you and vice versa. Lets say you try to get a "one up" on the market like what i tried to do when I started trading by going long on EURZAR and short on USDZAR at the same time. Well my friend that is a contra-trade (a trade that cancels the other) and most of the time you will end in a loss. You might be asking how you will end in a loss if the trades cancel out each other, well firstly these pairs don't always move in the same exact pip range (because they are not 100% correlated) and they have different pip values. Trust me the math doesn't lie, I won't go into it i might lose you at this point. However pairs that are negatively correlated to the EURZAR like the ZARJPY should not take an opposite position. Since we know that when the EURZAR goes up the ZARJPY goes down. So buying (or going long on) EURZAR and selling (or going short on) ZARJPY is the same as buying two position of EURZAR. In other words we have doubled our risk.
Some people might say well that the disadvantages stated above can also be utilised to our benefit if we know how to hedge our trades and also bring in diversification. Now this conversation is the one where we graduate to the master class of the inner circle of trading pro's. a friend approached me and enlightened me to the fact you can also diversify your trading portfolio, especially if you have a directional bias on a particular pair. Say, for example, you believe that the ZAR is entering a bullish season, you can diversify by putting a buy(going long) on EURZAR and USDZAR knowing fully well that the American economy has a different bias than the European monetary authorities, therefore by spreading risk between EURZAR and USDZAR will lower losses if the USD goes in the opposite direction quickly, allowing you to adjust your portfolio. This learned friend of mine went on to explain that for pairs that are negatively correlated, like the EURZAR and the ZARJPY can be used for hedging purposes through the use of the different pip values ( PIP is the smallest move in the price of a currency pair). Hedging is the opening of a position with the purpose of offsetting any gain or loss on the other transaction. Assume the value of the pip move in EURZAR is $10 for a lot of 100,000 and the value of a pip move in ZARJPY is $8 or a lot of 100,000. Knowing this can help us hedge our exposure to EURZAR. (Please be aware that certain countries do not allow hedging)
Let say i open a position of 1 short EURZAR lot of 100,000 units and 1 short ZARJPY lot of 100,000 units. When the EURZAR increases by 10 pips, the 1 would in a loss of $100 (number of PIPs X Value per PIP). However, since ZARJPY moves opposite to the EURZAR, the short ZARJPY position would be profitable, nearly up to $80 (this is due to the strong negative correlation). This would turn the net loss of the portfolio into just -$20 instead of the full $100. On the flip side this hedge also means smaller profits in the event of a rally down in EURZAR. However, in the worst-case scenario, losses become relatively lower.
CONCLUSION
All traders regardless at which stage you are, from novice to grand-master, there is need to have an appreciation of correlations and how they affect your portfolio. work towards:
1.Eliminating contra-trades (Trades that cancel each other out)
2.Diversify Risk. By not putting your eggs in one basket. By taking advantage of the imperfect correlations, one can open two positions in the same direction knowing that you limit your exposure to one pair.
3. Potentially double up on profits. In our example above, the high correlation between EURZAR and USDZAR, would mean that if you open a position one of the pairs you can open a similar position on the other pairs thus potentially doubling profits and vice versa.
4. Hedging. This usually results in lower profits, but it also minimises your losses.
5. Confirm break outs and avoid fake outs. Although I did not discuss this aspect in this article, it is the very topic that will be in my next article that i will be releasing next and will sure be topic that will result in all those finance and economics gurus offering you a 2 minute attentive silence, as they nod their heads to your insightful analysis of the markets. You might even get a "let's chat later privately and explore this in depth, or that's exactly what i was about to say". This will leave you walking a little taller, with a bounce in your step, calling shots. All i am saying is if i can do this, surely you can too.
Takunda Mudenge is a market analyst based out of Zimbabwe, Africa. He writes in his personal capacity and the information is purely for educational and entertainment purposes and should not be construed or assumed to be investment advice.
The information above was collected from various investment websites and literature and all attempts were made to make it into contemporary English.