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Moneymanagement

CAKE Basic trend. Working with reversal zones. Money management.Logarithm. Time frame 1 week. Major trend. Combined education and potential trade in ideas. Pivot zones from key liquidity zones. The main idea and meaning of this idea is to show the logic of working with reversal zones from key resistance support levels, which will determine the further development of the trend. I have shown all possible scenarios of secondary trend development from more probable and logical to less probable, but which have the right to be realized. You should always keep even unlikely scenarios in your mind, even if you do not believe in them. Few people calculate different variants of trend development ahead of time. In most, as a rule, there is one scenario of price movement, but it is built in most cases on the desire that it was exactly as profitable. This is how this trend looks like on a line chart. Exchanges and surprises. Money management. CAKE (PancakeSwap) is a decentralized exchange (DEX) token on the Binance Smart Chain, launched by anonymous developers The coin as an example of similar crypto of the third liquidity group, which lose capitalization, that is, people's faith in the project itself - "the faith of the community is killed". It is quite possible that at one moment the faith in anonymous developers will be "killed" and they will use the existing liquidity for the last time. I emphasize what blockchain the token is made on and how many bad triggers (FUD and not only) in the info space, not only with the designation “4”. The idea (long-term trend) is more educational than trading because of the degree of risk (liquidity, “ugly chart” for the future, large depreciation, breaking a long horizontal channel at a very large %). My desire is to trace on a live chart how the fate of two exchanges will be reflected on the price of this token in the future. Liquid, popular, reliable and conditionally decentralized with “anonymous developers”. Local trend. Work in it (only in it and nothing else). Risk Management. But, in the local trend at the moment, this coin is interesting to work, especially since the triangle is almost formed and soon the dénouement. Stops will be quite short in the direction of the breakout, that is work. I will post an idea for local-medium term work below. Take a local profit (maybe substantial) and forget once and for all about crypto fantasies and what will happen to the price next. No regrets if you took a relatively small profit and further development of the trend showed an order of magnitude more. In the end, it may be the other way around, you will be the lucky one who “made it” before the “sunset”. Learn to take profit from the market, it is better to take a little bit at a time, limiting risks, than to take a potentially large profit (which is what most “sectarians” are waiting for). In the long run, I highly recommend not getting involved with this or other similar cryptocurrencies. You will be playing casino, and not so much with risk management (risk/profit ratio in trading) but with money management (money management in general, places to store and trade). So stops can be useless in some not quite trading situations. Note how I've written a lot of information that doesn't really apply to this cryptocurrency directly, but only indirectly, as a potential consequence of more global yet equally potential events . Observe money management and risk management in trading, diversify where you trade and store crypto assets, this will guarantee a sound sleep in the future. . Secondary trend + local work. Time frame 3 days. 08 2023
by SpartaBTC
12
The final few liquidity grabs before the big dropBitcoin will not be seeing 45,000 any time soon as this “bullish” move has extinguished. Bitcoin’s all time highs are usually parabolic and unusually unpredictable but this chart reads clear as day that the trend formed has a limit. Rejecting off of key levels with volume supporting the move down, big money is opening positions below 44,000 and the vol oscillator on the daily is sustaining that move. There’s no major money being put on above 44,000, which is why we’re seeing a small grind up and prices oscillating between ranges. All of this combined is confirming a bearish consolidation. On the fundamentals side, Bitcoin is suffering from an extreme case of greed much like the stock market. It’s getting to a point where anything opposite of bull is met with difficulty. This kind of psychology is ripe for manipulation and rug pulls. Just the other day, I saw advertisements on YouTube of professional Bitcoin related businesses telling people to buy it. I don’t even search for Bitcoin related news on YouTube or Google so this is also what’s setting the alarm bells off. I don’t believe in fundamentals too much but I trade what I see on the technicals and it’s not looking good for longs, so I’m going to wait to get in. I don’t know how long it’ll take to get to my target but from mid 20,000 to 30,000 I see this reaching before any meaningful support with volume.
BITFINEX:BTCUSDShort
by MMinutes
3
AUDUSD-Money managementHi friends, After the previous signal reached all the set targets, today I would like to share my opinion about money management and how to manage open positions. In my opinion, in the first 2 years of trading on each position, a maximum of 3 to 5% of the total account balance should be involved. Second, convert the money into several parts for a signal or one idea, for example, Two or three to 0.01 lot. Risk-Free: The important thing is when to do risk free? For do Risk-Free (change the stop loss to the entry point) after the price reaches 50% of the forecast or primary idea. For this trade, I risk-freed after the price reached TP2.
by Ario_trader
3 Risk Actions to take in a Sideways Market “Do you have any risk or money management rules you take, during a Sideways Market or Twilight phase? I want to be more cautious with my trading.” These actions, no doubt, will help us protect and preserve our trading accounts. Action #1: Drop your risk even more If you’re feeling uneasy with the markets, as many have – drop your risk. You can even drop your risk to a range of 0.5% to 1% per trade, as opposed to the usual 2%. This will keep you in the game, so you don’t miss out on any moves. Action #2: Hegde your portfolios I consistently employ hedging strategies, both Longs and Shorts. For example, you can go long stocks and short gold as a hedge. Or you can go long Bitcoin and short Ethereum as a hedge. As long as your losses are smaller than your winners, then your winners will outweigh. And this will help keep your portfolio in check. Action #3: Diversify The JSE ALSI 40 isn’t the be all and end all of trading. You need to learn to diversify into other markets. I’m talking about Forex like EUR/USD, Indices, and even intraday trades.
TVC:SA40Education
by Timonrosso
SQ goin up. As you can see here, we are coming up on a demand zone area from back in March 2020. We are touching the bottom line of the Bollinger bands and the bands are opening up meaning there could be volatility for a big move. We are also oversold on the RSI as well. I would wait for a big move off of the band with high volume and target the upper Bollinger band. The analyst on TradingView and most of the recent ideas on here suggest we are going to make a reversal soon.
NYSE:SQLong
by OptionsMastery
IMPORTANT - 14 Risk and Money Management RulesOver the past 20+ years, I've only mentioned a few money management rules. But then I thought about it, and realised there are so many more I use when I trade. So with this TradingView platform, I’m going to share my 14 most essential risk management rules I’ve ever come across. RULE #1: The 2% Rule – Limit Your Risk You might have seen this risk rule from me before, but there are new TradingView members everyday. Here’s how it works… Never risk more than 2% of your total trading capital on a single trade. No matter how good the trade looks, this rule will help you safeguard your portfolio from the impact of a single trade's outcome. The reason is, you will enter a losing streak. You will most likely take from five to seven losing trading in a row. But with the 2% rule, you’ll only be down 10% to 14% of your portfolio compared to if you risked 5% to 10% per trade. RULE #2: The Probability Rule – Assess Trades When you buy or sell trades, there are three types that can line up according to your trading strategy. I like to categorise these trades as. High, medium, or low probability. For high, medium, and low probability trades, risk 2%, 1.5%, and 1% of your portfolio respectively. If my trading criteria matches all the right elements to buy or sell – this is considered a high probability trade. That’s where I will risk 2% of my portfolio per trade. If my trading criteria has one or two elements that are showing conflicting signals – this will be considered a medium probability trade. In this case, I’ll only risk 1.5% of my portfolio. Other cases, there’ll be a time where the system will line up but the market environment is in a choppy and volatile range. This is where the trade will be a low probability trade. And so, I’ll only risk 1% of my portfolio per trade. Identify the probabilities and you’ll be able to adjust your risk accordingly. RULE #3: 20% Drawdown Rule – Pause After Losses There could be a time, where your portfolio is in the slums. This is where you could be down 14% to 20% of your portfolio. What then? Well you need to protect your capital. I have a simple rule where, once my portfolio is down 20% of my portfolio – I will pause my trading. During a drawdown, I’ll then switch to paper trading until conditions improve. If the market resumes in favourable territory and I feel more confident that the system will work better – I’ll then resume trading with 1% risk. RULE #4: Never Risk Unaffordable Money This one is a given, and one I often preach. With trading you should NEVER risk any money you can’t afford. If you’re using your only savings from retirement or you have any money that you’ll be emotionally attached to - Avoid trading all together. This is not only dangerous for your financial situation but it will also lead to a rollercoaster of emotions trading during both winning and losing streaks. RULE #5: The Time Stop-Loss Rule – Time-Based Limits If a trade doesn't meet its profit target (or hits the stop loss) within a specific timeframe, close it. I have a 7 week (35 business days) rule. It doesn’t matter when, what level or if the trade is in the money or out the money. You want to close the trade, after a certain period of time has elapsed, for three reasons. 1. You’re a short-term trader and don’t want to turn it into a long term investment 2. There are costs you are paying daily which is leading you to incurring a higher loss or less profits. 3. You don’t want to feel married to any specific trade. Either you’ll bank a lower loss than you planned. Or you will bank a lower profit than planned. This prevents capital from being tied up in stagnant trades. RULE #6: The Trailing 1:1 Rule – Protect Profits This rule, will help you secure your profits when a trade is moving in your favour. Here’s how it works. Once a trade hits a 1:1 risk-reward ratio (and has moved in my favour). It gives the opportunity to move the stop loss up to just above break even. This way you’ll will bank a minimum gain, should the trade turn against you. Also, it will increase your win rate and emotionally you’ll feel it’s much easier to hold a trade with nothing to lose. RULE #7: Half Off Rule – Secure Gains Sometimes, you don’t want to move your stop loss. Instead you want to lock in profits, while the market is moving in your favour. So the rule is simple. When the trade reaches the risk to reward of 1:1, this might be the best time to close half your position. This will lock in some profits while leaving room for further gains. RULE #8: The 5% Margin Rule – Control Leverage This rule is more applicable to those who have a MUCH larger account of R25,000 and up. Remember, with trading you’re buying and selling on margin. If the gearing is 10 times this means if I hold 1% of my account, I am risking 10% of my portfolio if the trade heads to zero. So, the trick is to never risk more than 5% of your account on a single trade. This approach reduces exposure to risk and aids risk tracking in volatile markets. RULE #9: The Intraday Stop Rule – Daily Loss Limit Not all traders like to hold overnight. You get intraday traders who buy and sell trades within the day. If you are one of them, then this rule is for you. Make sure you set a daily loss limit or a maximum number of losses. For example, if you’re down 3 to 4 trades in the day – that might be your que to stop trading for the day. There are a few reasons for this including: • The market environment is not conducive to continue. • You need to protect your capital. • Your emotions might run out of control having taken too many losses in a day. • This could result in impulsive and revenge trading to try make up for your losers. RULE #10: Forex NEWS Rule – Avoid High-Impact News Events I mentioned this in the last Trading Tips Q&A, but I’ll say it again. If you’re a Forex trader and you want to avoid volatile times when certain news events come out. You can stay out or avoid trading during high-impact news events. These events include CPI, NFP, PPI, and FOMC releases. Such events can increase trading risks and lead to unpredictable market movements. (Especially in the Forex market!). RULE #11: The Risk-Reward Rule – Favor Positive Ratios Whenever I take a trade, I always want my gains to be bigger than my losses. To do this I set my risk-reward ratio of at least 1:2. This means, I am only willing to risk one in order to bank two times more. Do this enough times and you’ll almost guarantee your potential gains will outweigh your potential losses in the medium term. And having a risk to reward of at least 1:2 means you’ll factor in the costs, brokerage and other fees with your trade. RULE #12: The 20% Golden Rule – Diversify and Limit Exposure You always need to have capital within your portfolio. Not only to trade, but to protect the current trades that you’re holding at any one time. So this rule is golden. Here’s how it works. I never expose more than 20% of my total investment portfolio to trading. This means, I’ll always be holding at least 80% of my portfolio. Remember, with margin (leverage) trading, it magnifies gains and losses. Having only 20% of your total investment portfolio will help you to always have more money in your portfolio to account for more trades, losses, costs and for you to diversify and manage your risk better. RULE #13: The Hedgehog Rule – Balance Long and Short Positions I love this rule. In trading you can buy (go long) when the market moves up. Or you can sell (go short) when the market moves down. But sometimes, you might feel you’re over exposed to the long side even though the market is moving up. So instead you can hedge your positions by balancing longs and shorts. If the market turns down, then at least you’ll have some shorts in the mix to make up for the losses with your longs that are going against you. I always try to avoid overcommitting to a single direction. This way I am able to protect my portfolio from sudden market reversals. RULE #14: Multi-Account Rule – Separate Markets I find markets all move differently and yield results at different rates. So what I like to do is open different trading account for different markets (e.g., Forex and stocks). I like to track and trade Forex for one account and stocks for another. You’ll find if you trade too many different markets in one account, it will most likely skew the portfolio and your track record. This is because of the way they all move sporadically from each other. So, diversify your portfolios across different asset classes and markets to manage your risk. Final words. I trust this 14 Risk management Rules Lesson will help guide you to your trading goals. If there’s one thing you should do is print, or save this guide and keep them close for reference. These rules will undoubtedly prove valuable in your trading endeavors.
TVC:SA40Education
by Timonrosso
16 Golden Risk Management Rules for TradersTo build your portfolio. You need to learn to manage your risk. And over the last 16+ years, I’ve given you maybe five ideas on how to do it. Well, today I have 16 of the most essential Risk Management rules I could come up with in just one seating. They might not all apply to you. But most of them I believe will definitely resonate with you, your portfolio and with your risk profile. So, I have taken the time, energy and effort to jot down the 16 most powerful Risk management rules, you can apply to your trading. Starting today… Here they are… RULE #1: The 2% Rule Never risk more than 2% of your total trading capital on a single trade. This rule will help you to limit the impact of any single trade on your portfolio. RULE #2: The Probability Rule – Classify trades as high, medium, or low probability This depends on your trading strategy. If you know how to spot a: High probability trade (HPT) (good chance of winning). Medium probability trade (MPT) (lower chance of winning). Low probability trade (LPT) (very low chance of winning). I have a very simple rule. With a HPT, risk 2% of your portfolio. With a MPT, risk 1.5% of your portfolio. With a LPT, risk 1% of your portfolio Only risk according to the state of the probabilities of the trade – right? RULE #3: 20% Drawdown Rule – Halt trading at a 20% loss to avoid deeper slumps If that inevitable Drawdown kicks in. And your portfolio drops 5%, 10% and then down to 20%. Halt trading. Don’t stop! Instead, move over to paper trade your account until the conditions turn up and the system works again. And when you do start, only start risking 1% at a time until you are confident again with your strategy and with your frame of mind. This rule alone, you’ll save you from blowing your account. RULE #4: NEVER risk money you can’t afford to lose If you feel emotionally tied to your money. Or you need the money for daily living expenses or retirement savings. Don’t trade with it. You will feel like a wreck. Instead of enjoying the trading journey and process. Trading will be an emotional rollercoaster during both winning and losing streaks. RULE #5: The Time Stop-Loss Rule – Apply a time-based stop-loss rule to limit losses If a trade doesn’t reach its profit target within a specific timeframe – Close the trade. I have a 7 week time stop loss before I consider closing trades. Either you’ll bank a lower loss than you planned. Or you will bank a lower profit than planned. This prevents capital from being tied up in stagnant trades. NOTE: There are times where I might NOT implement a time stop loss. For example, when I short (sell) a trade which earns interest income each day. RULE #6: The Trailing 1:1 Rule – Use a 1:1 trailing stop-loss to protect profits Once a trade hits a 1:1 risk-reward ratio. I might trail my stop loss up to just above break even. This way I will bank a minimum gain, should the trade turn against me. My win rate will go up, for the portfolio. And emotionally it’s easier to hold a trade where you’ve secured a minimum profit. RULE #7: Half off Rule – Take half your profits early to secure gains If the trade is moving nicely in my favour. And it reaches a R:R of 1 to 1. Sometimes I’ll close half my position. I’ll then trail my stop loss to above breakeven. This way I’ll bank a decent profit. And I would have left room for the market to continue rallying to my initial take profit. This rule alone is God-sent. RULE #8: The 1% Margin Rule – Limit margin use to 1% of your account to control risk For those who are worried about HIGH leveraged instruments. This one is for you. The rule is, if you’re trading on margin (leverage). Never risk more than 1% of your trading account on a single trade. This way: You’ll have majority of your portfolio to trade with. You’ll have less money exposed to risk in any one trade. You’ll be able to track your risk better, for if the market gaps. RULE #9: The Intraday Stop Rule – Set an intraday rule to know when to stop trading for the day If you take on an intraday trade i.e. Smart Money Concepts trading a Forex Pair or index. Set a daily loss limit or a maximum number of losses. If you reach this amount, stop trading for the day to prevent your portfolio from spiralling into more losses. Come back the next day, to slay. RULE #10: Forex NEWS Rule – Stay off the market during high-impact news events This happens during high-volatile events. And this applies with mainly Forex! If there are any high impact news events such as major economic announcements. It can significantly increase trading risks. When these days come, I don’t take any Forex trades. Here’s are the main High-Impact-News events: CPI (Consumer Price Index) news report days CPI measures the changes in prices of a basket of goods and services over time as a measure of inflation. NFP (Non Farm Payrolls) A monthly report released (on the 1st Friday of the month) by the US Department of Labor. It shows the number of jobs added or lost in the non farm sector. This is a measure of the health of the US economy. PPI (Producer Price Index) A measure of the average change over time in the prices that domestic producers receive for their goods and services. This is another measure of inflation and economic growth. First with CPI and then with PPI. FOMC (Federal Open Market Committee) When the FOMC the US Federal Reserve meets to set monetary policy, (decision on interest rates and the money supply). RULE #11: The Risk-Reward Rule – Aim for a risk-reward ratio of at least 1:1.5 If you do NOT see a trade with a Risk to Reward of at least 1:1.5. It is NOT a good idea to trade. Anything less than 1:1.5, and your risk will be similar to what you are looking to gain. And remember, you still need to cover costs, brokerages and daily interest charges. It’s not worth buying and selling trades with a R:R of 1:1.5. I prefer to trade with risk to rewards of 1:2 instead. That way, even with a 40% win rate, I’ll be profitable. RULE #12: The 20% Golden Rule – Never expose your portfolio to more than 20% Trading is a risky biscuit. So, even though you have money in your account. Doesn’t mean you should have all of your money in different markets. I like to limit my capital to a maximum of 20% of my total investment portfolio. Remember, you are gearing up when you trade. While leverage can magnify gains, it can also magnify losses. It’s crucial to know how to use leverage effectively. Also, it’s our job to and avoid taking on more debt than we can handle. Because when you trade on margin (leverage), you’re exposing yourself to MORE than what you deposit. So protect most of the capital at a time in your portfolio. RULE #13: The Hedgehog Rule – Don’t be too long or too short – Hedge your positions I like to say hedge your positions. Don’t HOG on too many longs. Or too many shorts. When a main index is showing strong signs of moving in a certain direction (up or down). You may feel the absolute need to buy as many stocks as possible, to ride the trend. However, you need to remember the market can change the trend direction just as fast. And your winning positions can instantly turn to losers. So, when you are holding a high number of longs, make sure you trade a couple of shorts. When you are holding a large number of shorts, make sure you trade a few longs. This way you can hedge your positions in case the market does make a turnaround. Effective hedging strategies can protect your portfolio from market volatility. RULE #14: Multi-Account Rule – Use different accounts for different markets Every market acts differently. Forex works differently to stocks. So, I like to have two different accounts for each. I like to track and trade Forex for one account and stocks for another. Having too many eggs in one basket, will skew the portfolio and your track record – due to the sporadic and different movements with each set of markets. So, diversify your portfolios across different asset classes and markets to manage risk. RULE #15: Check Up Rule – Regularly monitor your portfolio’s performance The markets are always changing including: Algorithm New volume being injected in the markets Dynamics of demand and supply This causes a shift in different market environments and echoes into the financial world. Therefore, you need to regularly review your portfolio. This will help you to realign it with your goals, statistics, drawdown & reward management as well as your risk tolerance and goals. RULE #16: Correlation Rule – Understand and monitor the correlation between assets Markets are generally positively correlated. This means, they tend to move in the same direction. If you see a large bank company going up in price and you go long, the chances are good that other banking companies are also going up in price (within the main stock market). When you understand correlation between stocks, forex, indices, commodities etc… You can find more high probability trades which will better diversify your portfolio, reduce your risk and you’ll be exposed to other market opportunities in similar markets. Told you it will be worth it! Save this, print it out and keep it by you. These are the most important money management rules I believe are necessary to know as a trader. Below is the summary of them again, with the subheading. If you found this helpful, please send let me know in the comments. 16 Most NB* Money Management Rules RULE #1: The 2% Rule – Never risk more than 2% of your trading capital RULE #2: The Probability Rule – Classify trades as high, medium, or low probability RULE #3: 20% Drawdown Rule – Halt trading at a 20% loss to avoid deeper slumps RULE #4: NEVER risk money you can’t afford RULE #5: The Time Stop-Loss Rule – Apply a time-based stop-loss rule to limit losses RULE #6: The Trailing 1:1 Rule – Use a 1:1 trailing stop-loss to protect profits RULE #7: Half off Rule – Take half your profits early to secure gains RULE #8: The 1% Margin Rule – Limit margin use to 1% of your account to control risk RULE #9: The Intraday Stop Rule – Set an intraday rule to know when to stop trading for the day RULE #10: Forex NEWS Rule – Stay off the market during high-impact news events RULE #11: The Risk-Reward Rule – Aim for a risk-reward ratio of at least 1:1.5 RULE #12: The 20% Golden Rule – Never expose your portfolio to more than 20% RULE #13: The Hedgehog Rule – Don’t be too long or too short -Hedge your positions RULE #14: Multi-account Rule – Use different accounts for different markets RULE #15: Check Up Rule – Regularly monitor your portfolio’s performance RULE #16: Correlation Rule – Understand and monitor the correlation between assets
JSE:J200Education
by Timonrosso
Guard Your Funds: Only risk what you can afford to lose.🎉 Risk Management tip for Vesties and @TradingView community! 🚀 😲 We all know the saying "only risk what you can afford to lose," but do you know the powerful impact it can have on your trading journey? 🤔 In the ever-evolving world of cryptocurrency and futures trading, one fundamental principle stands as the cornerstone of profitable and sustainable trading journeys: Only risk what you can afford to lose. Embracing this essential concept is crucial for preserving capital, maintaining emotional stability, and cultivating a disciplined approach to risk management. In this article, we will delve into the significance of operating money and risk within the confines of one's financial capacity and explore the key pillars that underpin this approach. Understanding Risk Tolerance and Capital Allocation: 1. Assessing Individual Risk Tolerance: To truly understand one's risk tolerance and establish a robust risk management strategy, traders are encouraged to engage in a thought exercise that involves imagining potential losses in tangible terms. Visualize throwing money into the bin or burning it completely, purely to experience the feeling of losing money. This exercise may seem unconventional, but it serves a crucial purpose: it helps traders gauge their emotional response to monetary losses. During this exercise, consider the two extreme scenarios: the first being the largest amount of money you can lose without causing significant distress, and the second being the maximum amount of loss that would completely devastate you financially and emotionally. These two amounts represent your Fine Risk and Critical Risk , which reflects the sum you are willing and able to lose over a specific period of time without compromising your financial well-being. 👉 The next step involves breaking down the Fine Risk into smaller, manageable parts. 🔑 Divide the Fine Risk into 10 or even 20 equal parts, each representing the risk amount for every individual trade. This approach is designed to create a safety net for traders, especially when they encounter unfavorable market conditions. For instance, imagine a scenario where you face five consecutive losing trades. With each trade representing only a fraction of your Fine Risk, the cumulative loss remains relatively small compared to your risk capability, providing emotional resilience and the ability to continue trading with confidence. By splitting the Fine Risk into smaller portions, we can safeguard their capital and ensure that a string of losses does not result in irreversible damage to our trading accounts or emotional well-being. Additionally, this approach promotes a disciplined and structured trading mindset, encouraging us to adhere to their predefined risk management rules and avoid impulsive decisions based on emotions. Remember, risk management is not solely about avoiding losses but also about preserving the means to participate in the market over the long term. 2. Establishing a Risk-to-Reward Ratio: The risk-to-reward ratio is a critical metric that every trader must comprehend to develop a successful trading system. It is a representation of the potential risk taken in a trade relative to the potential reward. For a well-balanced and sustainable approach to trading, it is essential to ensure that the risk-to-reward ratio is greater than 1:1.10. A risk-to-reward ratio of 1:1.10 implies that for every unit of risk taken, the trader expects a potential reward of 1.10 units. This ratio serves as a safety measure, ensuring that over time, the profits generated from winning trades will outweigh the losses incurred from losing trades. While there is a popular notion that the risk-to-reward ratio should ideally be 1:3, what truly matters is that the ratio remains above the 1:1.10 mark. Maintaining a risk-to-reward ratio of at least 1:1.10 is beneficial for several reasons. Firstly, it allows traders to cover their losses in the long term. Even with a series of losing trades, the accumulated profits from winning trades will offset the losses, allowing traders to continue trading without significant setbacks. Secondly, a risk-to-reward ratio higher than 1:1.10, combined with proper risk management and a well-executed trading system, enables traders to accumulate profits over time. Consistently achieving a slightly better reward than the risk taken can lead to substantial gains in the long run. 3. Determining Appropriate Position Sizes: Once you have a clear understanding of your risk amount and risk-to-reward ratio, you can proceed to calculate appropriate position sizes for each trade. To do this, you can use a simple formula: Position Size = (Risk Amount per Trade / Stop Loss) * 100% Let's take an example to illustrate this calculation: Example: Risk Amount per Trade: $100 Risk-to-Reward Ratio: 1:2 Stop Loss: -4.12% Take Profit: +8.26% Using the formula: Position Size = ($100 / -4.12%) * 100% Position Size ≈ $2427.18 In this example, your calculated position size is approximately $2427.18. This means that for this particular trade, you would allocate a position size of approximately $2427.18 to ensure that your risk exposure remains at $100. After executing the trade, let's say the trade turned out to be profitable, and you achieved a profit of $200. This outcome is a result of adhering to a well-calculated position size that aligns with your risk management strategy. By determining appropriate position sizes based on your risk tolerance and risk-to-reward ratio, you can effectively control your exposure to the market. This approach helps you maintain consistency in risk management and enhances your ability to manage potential losses while allowing your profits to compound over time. Emotions and Psychology in Risk Management: A. The Impact of Emotions on Trading Decisions: Emotions can significantly influence trading decisions, often leading to suboptimal outcomes. Traders must recognize the impact of emotions such as fear, greed, and excitement on their decision-making processes. Emotional biases can cloud judgment and result in impulsive actions, which can be detrimental to overall trading performance. B. Recognizing and Managing Fear and Greed: Fear and greed are two dominant emotions that can disrupt a trader's ability to make rational choices. By developing self-awareness and recognizing emotional triggers, traders can gain better control over their reactions. Implementing techniques to manage fear and greed, such as setting predefined entry and exit points, can help traders navigate turbulent market conditions. C. Developing a Disciplined Trading Mindset: A disciplined trading mindset is the bedrock of successful risk management. This involves adhering to a well-defined trading plan that outlines risk management rules and strategies. By staying committed to the plan and maintaining a long-term perspective, traders can resist impulsive actions and maintain discipline during times of market volatility. D. Techniques for Avoiding Impulsive and Emotional Trading: To avoid impulsive and emotional trading, traders can employ various techniques. Implementing cooling-off periods before making trade decisions allows traders to gain clarity before acting. Seeking support from trading communities or mentors provides valuable insights and helps traders stay grounded. Utilizing automated trading systems can reduce emotional interference and ensure trades are executed based on predefined criteria. In the world of cryptocurrency and futures trading, the fundamental principle of "only risk what you can afford to lose" remains the cornerstone of successful trading. Embracing this concept is essential for preserving capital, maintaining emotional stability, and cultivating a disciplined approach to risk management. Understanding individual risk tolerance and breaking down total risk into smaller portions allows traders to navigate unfavorable market conditions with resilience. Maintaining a risk-to-reward ratio above 1:1.10 ensures that profits outweigh losses over time, while determining appropriate position sizes enables effective risk control. Emotions play a significant role in trading decisions, and managing fear and greed empowers traders to make rational choices. Employing techniques to avoid impulsive trading, like cooling-off periods and seeking support, reinforces a disciplined trading mindset. In conclusion, adhering to the principle of only risking what you can afford to lose leads to sustainable success in the dynamic trading world. By implementing effective risk management practices, traders enhance their chances of achieving profitability and longevity in their trading journeys. 📝👋 Feedback is super important to us! 😊 We would absolutely love to hear your thoughts and comments about the article. 🧐 Did you find the information helpful and well-explained? 🤔 Your feedback means a lot to us and will help us improve our content to provide better insights in the future. 😇 Thank you so much for taking the time to share your thoughts! 🙏 We're excited to hear from you! 💬
INDEX:BTCUSDEducation
by Vestinda
HOW TO START BUILDING A STRATEGY?As it is said, A strategy is a reflection of a trader’s character . Whatever sentiments/emotions you have, reflect in your trading decisions. At first, people think that, ‘I will use xyz indicator and buy here and sell there’, thinking it’s easy to have a method that is simple. But when reality hits, all the simplicity runs out of the window with your money. Trading is not for those who take it lightly. You have to respect the market before coming up with a strategy that suits your personality/mindset/character. One might ask, what does personality have to do with trading? And that’s where all the secrets are. Newbie traders often run after YouTube channels, Twitter handles of some high MTM traders and try to copy them. They keep hopping from one setup to another. Because in the beginning, traders do not have the knowledge of risk management, importance of back testing etc. You should test your strategy for at least 100 trades before scrapping it. And that’s where they lack. But in my experience, you may learn the method from another trader but you cannot learn the mindset . You have to develop that on your own. There are certain ways of self-assessment when it comes to finding the right approach towards trading. Just because some day trader is making a killing in the market every day, doesn’t mean you can replicate the same performance too. You might be well suited for positional/swing trading. Just like that if someone is better in swing trading, you may be crafted for long term investing if not that even for scalping. There is a vast array of segments to choose from. From intraday to swing and scalping to options writing. You can decide any segment as per your patience level. The only goal should be to make money. You are not here to be right or wrong. You are here to make a living. Choosing a trading style is completely based on your patience level. If you are a patient trader then you can go for short to long term trading. Find the good setups, take the trade and sit tight. Your actions should be either target or stop loss. You can manage the trade as per your style e.g. , pyramiding or averaging. If you are an adrenaline junkie, then intraday, scalping & F&O trading is your cup of tea. But remember that the lesser the trade duration, more the chances of losses . Because these segments are much more risky than those of others. You need the skill of a sniper & the eye of an eagle to execute such trades and come out of it profitably. Now the question is how to decide? There are some ways you can shorten the learning curve, some of them are as follow… 1.Mentor👨‍🏫: Mentor is the person who is willing to share his experience to those who seek to shorten the learning curve. Warren Buffet had Benjamin Graham, Rakesh Jhunjhunwala had Radhakishan Damani . Everyone needs a mentor, be it in the form of books or a person . Learning what not to do is more important than learning what to do? And that is the biggest lesson I’ve learned from my mentors . A mentor teaches you that in the most practical ways by showing some real-life examples. He will also tell you when to trade and when not to. Because compulsive trading is one of the major reasons why traders lose big. So, finding a good mentor should be your priority. 2.Self-Learning🎓✍️: There are some successful self-made traders who learned from trial and error. But you need to check the time they took to be successful. It’s not impossible but it’s time consuming. Also, you need to have lots of patience and money as well. Because self-learning is like flying a plane by reading manuals. You have to do all the work from developing a strategy to back testing it and it's too lengthy process to start with. You can self-learn trading, but be ready to give it time. 3.Books📚: Aahh books… the first love of any trader. For me it still is. I read as much as possible. The very foundation of my trading journey is based on reading. I read many books in my initial days. Some of them still help me today. But textbook knowledge is not sufficient in real time trading . You can learn patterns such as triangle, channel, cup and handle and head and shoulders. But textbook patterns are so rare that it’s exhausting to spot them on charts let alone trade them, unless you have a knack for them. It’s a good start but not the best process. Above information should give you some perspective on how to approach the market and build your strategy. Strategy doesn’t just mean a trading setup (Entry & Exit). It includes everything from trade setup to your mindset. Find the best possible way, stick to it and follow the path. Eventually you will reach the destination. Keep learning, keep growing…!! 💗✨ Support TradingView✌️
NSE:BANKNIFTYEducation
by khushaljain023
2
Agnc Investment Corp Price Prediction! To The Upside Here We Go!• Price Created The Bullish Continuation Pattern (Falling Wedge) Starting 2nd February 2023 Till 25th May 2023. • While Creating This Pattern, The Price Reacted & Bounced Back From 0.786 Fibonacci Level 26th May 2023 Suggesting The Retracement Been Completed. • 30th May 2023 The Price Broke The Falling Wedge Trendline Followed By Minor Correction On 1st June 2023. • I Prefer To Enter It On 1st June 2023 Opening & Since Then Price Move Upwards & Reached Its Peak On 27th June 2023 Simultaneously Completed The Double Top Pattern Signalling/Hints A Potential Reversal To The Downwards. I Sees It As A Minor Correction Before The Price Goes Higher • During The Downwards Movement, Price Reacted & Bounced Back From 0.618 Fibonacci Level. If You Entered On 6th July During The Retracement, Potential Gain Of 9.32% @ Usd 0.88 Been Achieved • Now The Price Is Testing The Previous Double Top Pattern & Successfully Breaks It Only By A Shadow On 13th July 2023. • Nevertheless, The Downside Risks Always Exists. Always Trade With A Proper Risk Management & Stop-Loss Intact. Trading Strategy: Entry At Usd 9.17 (1st June 2023 Opening Price) Take Profit Price: -Tp 1 : Usd 10.86 @ 18.54 % Of Potential Profit/Return -Tp 2 : Usd 12.22 @ 33.26% Of Potential Profit/Return Cut-Loss : Usd 8.57 @ 6.54 % Of Potential Losses Entry At Usd (7th July 2023 Opening Price) Take Profit Price: -Tp 1: Usd 10.86 @ 15.01 % Of Potential Profit -Tp 2: Usd 12.22 @ 29.18 % Of Potential Profit Cut-Loss : Usd 9.05 @ 4.33% Of Potential Profit -]Always Trade With Your Stop-Loss Intact! -Trade At Your Own Risk (T.A.Y.O.R.) Lets Continue To Monitor The Price Movements Together & Share Your Thought Below!
NASDAQ:AGNCLong
by rie_97
4
Preserving Your Capital Like A ChampIn the world of trading, effective trading capital management can mean the difference between success and failure. We cannot stress enough how critical this aspect is to long-term success. Today we will delve into the importance of managing your trading capital, the various strategies employed by many successful traders, and how you can implement these techniques to safeguard your investment and maximize profits. Understanding the Importance of Trading Capital Management Trading capital refers to the amount of money allotted for the purpose of trading your desired market. Proper management of trading capital is crucial for traders, as it helps them minimize losses and in turn, maximize profits. In essence, trading capital management is all about striking the right balance between taking risks and preserving your hard-earned money. One key aspect that differentiates successful traders from gamblers is their mindset. Gamblers tend to chase big wins, hoping for a life-changing payout, while traders focus on consistently generating small, predictable returns over the long term. Don’t get us wrong, big wins can and do happen, and they feel great when they do. Think of trading as a really long boxing match. It's rare and impractical for a boxer to believe they can knock out their opponent by flying out of a corner with no defense and going straight for a haymaker each time. The foundation for success takes many consistent jabs, and an unwavering defense, much like trading. Traders who want to be long-term successful will prioritize risk management and capital preservation, ensuring that they can continue trading even after incurring losses so they can pursue consistent profits. The Struggle is Real For New Traders New traders often find difficulty in managing their trading capital effectively. This is primarily due to their focus on making profits rather than minimizing risks. The desire to make money can lead to taking unnecessary risks, which can result in significant losses. It is crucial to remember that every loss must be recovered through a profitable trade to regain lost ground. So why not implement strategies that mitigate that lost ground in the first place? Strategies To Adopt for Long-Term Success So, what are some of the techniques that successful traders use to optimize their chances of consistent profits in the markets? Here are a few suggestions to improve your trading capital management: Implementing Stop-Loss Orders Always trade with a stop-loss. There are countless ways to implement a stop-loss, and we covered this in great detail in a previous article that is linked below. A stop-loss order allows you to specify a price at which your trade will be automatically closed if the market moves against you. This is the most practical and easily enactable capital management technique you can use. Some would consider trading without a stop-loss to be one of the cardinal sins of trading, as it prevents you from managing risk effectively. Utilizing Reward Risk Ratios (RRR) Every trade carries the risk of making a loss. Successful traders assess their potential trade risk and potential reward before entering a position. Utilizing reward-to-risk ratios may seem complicated, but it doesn't have to be. Many traders will often aim for a reward that is twice their risk or a ratio of 2 to 1. So in theory for every $1 you risk you aim to make $2 in profit. Your RRR can also help you understand what your theoretical minimum win rate would need to be a profitable trader. Utilizing this information is very handy when backtesting and forward-testing your strategy. In the early stages of a trader's journey, we highly recommend to keep a trading journal to keep track of these metrics. Keeping track of your wins and losses and keeping your RRR consistent offers deep insight into whether you are on the right path to consistency. Managing Your Money How much capital are you risking per trade? It's difficult to predict which trades will be profitable, but it's essential to risk a consistent amount on every trade. Coupled with an appropriate risk-to-reward ratio, this approach can help protect your trading account. For example, consider risking only 1-2% of your total trading portfolio on each individual trade with a maximum overall of 10% among your trades. This may not seem like much, but if you can remain disciplined with your stop losses and RRR you greatly increase the odds of success. If you have a small account don’t sweat it. It will help you grow that account size and compound those gains in a stable fashion that would outlast the method of throwing your entire account into each trade. Hedging Holding long and short positions on various assets in different sectors can help protect against any aggressive moves that affect the market as a whole. For instance, if there was a sudden 'flash crash,' the traders who solely went long would experience a loss or a potentially significant loss without proper risk mitigation. However, if you held both long and short positions, you could have made profits to offset the losses. Obviously, market events are hard to account for, but hedging can be a useful capital preservation strategy. Focusing on a Single Asset to Limit Risk Exposure Some traders prefer to concentrate on trading one asset to minimize risk exposure. This can be effective, especially when the trader has in-depth knowledge of the specific asset being traded. The potential downside is that this can limit your trading opportunities, but we highly advise this approach for new traders. Focusing on one asset can help you grow your experience and hone your strategy through a rigorously disciplined approach. Consistency in Risk and Money Management There is no one-size-fits-all approach to trading, and that's part of the beauty of it all. A strategy that works for one trader may not work for another. The key to improving your trading strategy is to adopt a disciplined approach to risk and money management. While this approach may not be as flashy as some in the trading community portray, consistently minimizing risk is an essential aspect of enhancing overall profitability and is a massive attribute to long-term success. Final Thoughts on Trading Capital Management Effective trading capital management is crucial for success in the world of trading. By adopting a disciplined approach to risk and money management, traders can minimize losses, maximize profits, and safeguard their investments. The techniques discussed – implementing stop-loss orders, utilizing reward-to-risk ratios, managing money, and diversifying trades – are all essential components of a successful trading capital management strategy. Remember, the key to success in trading lies not in chasing the knockouts but rather by consistently landing the jabs while maintaining a stout defense. By following these strategies adopted by long-term, successful traders and focusing on preserving capital, you can improve your chances of obtaining that same long-term success in the markets.
NASDAQ:MSFTEducation
by LeafAlgo
💲Learn DXY - US. Dollar Index ✅Why Be Interested? The strong dollar has been getting a lot of attention lately. Some U.S. companies are blaming the strong U.S. dollar for lackluster earnings, while economists say it's helping the Federal Reserve’s ongoing fight against high inflation. But how do you know when the dollar is strong or weak? That’s the job of the U.S. Dollar Index (DXY) ☑️What Is the U.S. Dollar Index? The U.S. Dollar Index is a market index benchmark used to measure the value of the U.S. dollar relative to other widely-traded international currencies. The Federal Reserve established the dollar index in 1973 to track the value of the U.S. dollar. Two years earlier, President Richard Nixon had abandoned the gold standard, which allowed the value of the dollar to float freely in foreign exchange (forex) markets. Since 1985, the dollar index has been calculated and maintained by Intercontinental Exchange (ICE). ☑️The Dollar Index History and Makeup The formula for calculating the value of the U.S. Dollar Index includes the dollar’s relative value compared to a basket of foreign currencies. Initially, it included the Japanese yen, British pound, Canadian dollar, Swedish krona, Swiss franc, West German mark, French franc, Italian lira, Dutch guilder, and Belgian franc. Following the creation of the euro in 1999, the number of currencies was reduced and the formula for the dollar index was adjusted. Today, the basket includes just six currencies: the euro (EUR), Japanese yen (JPY), British pound (GBP), Canadian dollar (CAD), Swedish krona (SEK) and Swiss franc (CHF). ✅How Is the U.S. Dollar Index Used? The USDX allows traders and investors to monitor the purchasing power of the U.S. dollar relative to the six currencies included into the index's basket. Investors also use the dollar index as a litmus test for U.S. economic performance, particularly when it comes to imports and exports. The more goods the U.S. exports, the more international demand there is for U.S. dollars to purchase those goods. When demand for the dollar is high, USDX rises. ☑️Dollar Index Shortcomings: The weightings of the currencies used to calculate the index were based on the United States’ biggest trading partners in the 1970s. As a result, its calculation doesn't include emerging market currencies, like the Mexican Peso (MXN) or commodity currencies. It also doesn't include China’s renminbi (CNY), even though China is now the largest U.S. trading partner by a wide margin. Therefore, the index may be less useful as an economic measure than in previous decades. ✅What Makes the U.S. Dollar Strong? A combination of higher inflation, the Fed's aggressive tightening campaign and a global search for yield have all contributed to the strong dollar. A strong dollar means other global currencies have been relatively weak, which exacerbates inflationary pressures and financial market volatility. 📍In Conclusion: The Dollar Index can be used as a gauge of the Dollar strength or weakness, and it’s futures can be used to profit form Dollar moves without betting on any individual Dollar currency pair which provides diversification. However, the Index is somewhat outdated which needs to be accounted for when using it. ❤️Please, support our work with like & comment!❤️ Please, support my work with like and comment! Love you, my dear followers!👩‍💻🌸
Education
by AnabelSignals
6
How to Build Wealth (Even During Monetary Tightening)One question that many investors are asking right now is: How can I build wealth during monetary tightening? To answer this question, one must understand how the money supply works. The Money Supply The money supply refers to the total amount of currency held by the public at a particular point in time. M2 is one of the most common measures of the U.S. money supply. It reflects the amount of money that is available to be invested. M2 includes currency held by the non-bank public, checkable deposits, travelers’ checks, savings deposits (including money market deposit accounts), small time deposits under $100,000, and shares in retail money market mutual funds. The chart above is a time-compressed view of the money supply. The time scale has been compressed such that the money supply appears as a vertical line with clusters of dots. Each dot represents a quarter (or 3-month period). During periods of monetary easing, when the central bank accelerates increases in the money supply, the dots stretch wider apart, as shown below. During periods of monetary tightening, when the central bank decelerates increases in the money supply, the dots tighten together. In rare cases, the central bank can reduce the money supply to fight inflation, in which case the dots can retrograde. The central bank rarely reduces the money supply because it usually results in economic decline. The Money Supply and The Stock Market Since the money supply reflects the amount of money that can be invested in the stock market, the stock market tends to track the money supply. As the money supply (M2SL) grows so too does the stock market (SPX). The chart above shows that despite the stock market’s oscillations, over the long term, the growth rate of the stock market tends to track the growth rate of the money supply. The stock market goes up, in large part, because the money supply goes up. The chart below is from the book Stocks for the Long Run by Jeremy Siegel, Professor of Finance at the Wharton School. The chart shows that compared to other asset classes, stocks generally perform the best over time. Stocks generally perform the best over time because the growth rate of the stock market generally tracks the growth rate of the money supply fairly well. Investing in the stock market is therefore an efficient means of preserving wealth over the long term. One will always be better off investing in assets that grow in price at a faster rate than the rate at which the money supply grows than investing in assets that do not. When the money supply decreases during periods of monetary tightening, as is happening right now, only assets that outperform the money supply can produce positive returns. Knowing these facts, we can reach the following conclusion: Generally, investing in the stock market does not intrinsically build wealth, it merely efficiently preserves wealth over time against the perpetual erosion of an ever-increasing money supply. To build wealth one must invest in assets that grow in price faster than the rate at which the money supply grows . Preserving Wealth vs. Building Wealth As noted, to build wealth one must invest in assets that move up in price faster than the rate at which the money supply moves up. Investing in assets that move up in price over time, but at a rate less than that which the money supply moves up over time may seem like a good investment to an investor if the investor is making money, but such investments are not typically wealth-building. These investments are merely some degree of wealth-preserving. When the price of an investment increases over time at a rate less than the money supply, that investment causes a loss of wealth, despite giving the investor the perception of increased wealth. A loss of wealth occurs because the investor’s purchasing power is decreasing over the period of time which the investment is held. Purchasing power is the value of a currency expressed in terms of the number of goods or services that one unit of money can buy. It can weaken over time due to inflation. To keep things simple, let’s assume that other elements of inflation, such as money velocity, remain fairly constant and that an increasing money supply is the main cause of inflation. Let’s consider some case studies. Case Study #1: REITs Suppose an investor, John, invests his money in real estate investment trusts (REITs), specifically BRT Apartments Corp. John is a smart investor and does research before investing. In his research, he sees that BRT has decent profitability and a fair valuation. He also sees that BRT has decent growth potential. After analyzing fundamentals, John does technical analysis. He sees the below chart which shows a decades-long bull run. (Chart has been adjusted to include dividends) He thinks to himself: This asset is a money maker. Despite periods of corrections, price generally goes up over time. John then buys shares of BRT as part of a long-term investment strategy. John has done his due diligence and indeed he is right that, over the long term, his investment is likely to make quite a bit of money. However, if John invests in this asset, although he will make money, he will lose wealth or purchasing power. That’s because the Federal Reserve is increasing the money supply at a rate that is faster than John’s investment grows. Here’s a chart of BRT adjusted for the money supply (and adjusted to include dividends). Adjusting the price of BRT by the money supply shows a clear downtrend over time. This means that while BRT is growing in price and its investors are making money, BRT’s investors are generally losing purchasing power over time by investing in this asset because the central bank is increasing the money supply at a faster rate than the rate at which BRT's price grows. By increasing the money supply exponentially over time, central banks trick people into believing that they are building wealth by investing when in fact most investments are, at best, some degree of wealth preserving. Only a minority of assets outperform the money supply, and usually, that outperformance is temporary. In the era of monetary easing, during which central banks drastically increased the money supply using various monetary tools, perceived wealth skyrocketed. However, actual gains in purchasing power or improvement in living standards, as measured by increased productivity, largely did not occur. You may be thinking that I simply chose a bad investment to demonstrate my point. While BRT is actually a great investment relative to most other assets, let's move on to the second case study: an asset that has skyrocketed in price in recent years. You will find that even for assets that have outperformed the growth in the money supply, the period of outperformance is usually temporary. Case Study #2: Microsoft (MSFT) Microsoft is an example of a stock that has outperformed the growth rate of the money supply in recent years. Below is a chart of MSFT adjusted for the money supply. The chart shows that although the growth in MSFT's price generally outperforms the growth rate of the money supply, it undergoes prolonged periods of underperformance when investors can lose wealth. This wealth loss effect cannot be fully ascertained by looking only at a chart of just MSFT's price. It only becomes fully apparent when one compares the stock's price to the money supply. Tech stocks have generally outperformed the money supply since the Great Recession. They were excellent wealth-building investments. However, now that the central bank has begun monetary tightening, interest-rate-sensitive tech stocks are especially likely to decline. Investing in these assets while the money supply is decreasing, and while interest rates are surging, may result in loss of wealth. Case Study #3: Utilities (XLU) The chart below shows how well the utilities sector performed over the past two decades. Let’s adjust the chart to the money supply. (See chart below) You can see that XLU moved horizontally relative to the money supply, meaning that it merely preserves wealth to varying degrees but does not generally build wealth over the long term. By including the money supply in our charts, we remove the confoundment of monetary policy and elucidate the true intrinsic growth potential of assets. Case study #4: ARK Innovation ETF (ARKK) Look at the chart below which shows ARK Innovation ETF (ARKK), managed by Cathie Wood, relative to the money supply. Cathie Wood’s investment choices have actually caused a loss of wealth since the fund’s inception in 2014. You can see in the above chart that price is slightly below the center zero line, which means that wealth has been lost by those who invested in ARKK in 2014 and held continuously to the current time. Finally, check out the below chart of SPY relative to the money supply. The entire post-Great Recession bull run in SPY was merely a recovery of the wealth lost since the Dotcom Bust, over 2 decades ago. The stock market is ominously again being resisted at this peak level. The below chart shows that the stock market has given back much of the wealth built since the pre-Great Recession peak. In summary, wealth-building requires investing in assets with a growth rate that is greater than the growth rate of the money supply. To accomplish this, an investor should compare an asset against the money supply before choosing to invest. Assets that continuously outperform the money supply over the long term are better investments than those that do not. One can use standard technical analysis on the ratio chart to determine candidates that are most likely to outperform the money supply. In the face of high inflation, central banks must reduce the money supply. A decreasing money supply pulls the rug out from under the stock market. When the money supply is falling, corporate earnings and the stock market typically fall as well. Inflation When the COVID-19 pandemic hit, the Federal Reserve and central banks around the world increased the money supply by an unprecedented amount. Throughout the course of its entire history up until the pandemic, the U.S. money supply moved up predictably within a log-linear regression channel, as shown in the chart below. Before the pandemic, the log-linear regression channel had an exceptionally high Pearson correlation coefficient (over 0.99), which suggests that the regression channel was reliably containing the money supply’s oscillations over time. When the pandemic hit the global economy came to a halt. The Federal Reserve increased the money supply by a magnitude that was so astronomical that it went up vertically even when logarithmically adjusted. (See the chart below) As a thought experiment, let’s assume that the log-linear regression channel above is valid and that data are normally distributed (typically they are not in financial markets). If it were the case that such a sudden, astronomical increase in the money supply occurred totally randomly, the event would be a 10-sigma event (meaning 10 standard deviations away from the mean). The chance of such a rare event happening totally randomly is so small that it would occur about once every 500,000 quadrillion years. Since this is much longer than the age of the known universe, a 10-sigma event is essentially equivalent to an event that will statistically never happen. Thus, no one was prepared for the action that the Federal Reserve took. By exploding the money supply by this extreme amount and flooding the market with so much newly created money, central banks instantly made everyone feel wealthier by giving them more money, but this action would eventually make everyone less wealthy by destroying their purchasing power as inflation ensued. Once high inflation begins, it can be hard to stop. When inflation stays high for too long the public begins to expect more of it. The public then alters its spending and saving habits. The public also begins to demand higher wages to keep up with high inflation. This creates a negative feedback loop: When workers receive higher wages to keep up with inflation, workers can afford to pay inflated prices which keeps inflation higher for longer. As workers get paid more, keeping demand high, companies also charge more for their goods and services. Eventually, workers again demand higher wages to keep up with yet even higher prices. At every stage of inflation, the best strategy for central banks is to downplay its true severity. This is because the easiest way to control inflation is by managing the public’s perception of it. The hard way to control inflation is to raise the cost of money – interest rates – which in turn induces economic decline, and which can cause financial crises as highly indebted consumers, companies and governments cannot afford higher interest payments. Bonds Government bond yields reached a record low during the COVID-19 pandemic. The chart below shows that interest rates – or the price of money – reached their lowest level in the nearly 5,000 years for which records exist. Since the start of 2022, interest rates have surged higher, breaking a multi-decade downtrend, and ushering the market into a new super cycle where interest rates will likely remain higher for the long term. Interest rates and the money supply are inextricably linked. Few people know why an inverted yield curve predicts a recession. An inverted yield curve reflects the destruction of money. When the yield curve is inverted, banks can no longer profitably borrow at short term rates and lend at long term rates. Bank lending creates the most amount of money. An inverted yield curve is a market perversion that does not occur naturally but occurs only through central bank action. Inverting the yield curve is a highly obfuscated tool that central banks use to decrease the money supply. Furthermore, as we discussed before, since the stock market generally tracks the money supply, an inverted yield curve is a warning that the stock market will fall in the future. Recently, the yield curve (as measured by the 10-year minus the 2-year U.S. treasury bonds) inverted by the most on record. Below is the chart of iShares 20+ Year Treasury Bond ETF (TLT). TLT tracks an index composed of U.S. Treasury bonds with remaining maturities greater than twenty years. As you can see from the chart above, which excludes the past two years, it looks like TLT has been a great investment over the past two decades. (For this chart, I included dividends. TLT pays out dividends that derive from interest payments on its bond holdings.) Look at the chart below to see what happens when we adjust the chart for the money supply. In the chart above we see that since its inception TLT moved horizontally relative to the money supply. What this means is that holding TLT over this period was not wealth-building, but it was good at preserving wealth. Its price moved up in perfect lockstep with the money supply. Now, let’s see how TLT performed in the past two years. As we see in the chart above, until 2021, an investor who held long-term U.S. government bonds would have been preserving their wealth and shielding it from the erosion of perpetual increases in money supply. However, as interest rates on government debt surged higher as central banks fight high inflation, bond investors are now seeing major wealth destruction. In a stable monetary system, investing in government bonds should preserve wealth, since if it fails to do so, no one will buy bonds to finance the government. The situation is also concerning when we examine investment-grade corporate bonds (LQD) relative to the money supply. This chart of investment-grade corporate bonds adjusted for the money supply shows that we should be concerned about the current state of even the most high-grade corporate bonds. We see that the value of investment-grade corporate bonds over time, inclusive of their interest payments, has fallen off a cliff relative to the rate at which the money supply is increasing. This chart suggests that those who invested in corporate bonds have recently lost a lot of wealth. Until the current trend reverses, who would want to invest in corporate bonds? This is a problem for corporate finance. Below is a chart of high-yield corporate bonds (HYG), (which are riskier than investment-grade corporate bonds), as compared to the money supply. You can see from the chart above that all the wealth built by investing in high-yield corporate bonds since the Great Recession has been completely wiped out. What I am about to explain next will be somewhat dense. Look again at the two charts below which show investment-grade corporate bonds relative to the money supply and high-yield corporate bonds relative to the money supply. Recall that bond prices move inversely to bond yields. Thus, if we flip these charts of corporate bond prices, we will get corporate bond yields relative to the money supply. Now let’s think. These charts show that the yields on corporate bonds are moving up faster than the supply of money. Corporate bond yields reflect the amount of money that corporations must pay on their debt. In other words, the amount of money that corporations will have to pay to service their debt is moving up faster than the money supply. As noted previously, the money supply speaks to corporate earnings since corporations can only ever earn some subset of the total supply of money in the economy. Thus, if the money supply decreases, as it is now, corporate earnings will likely decrease as well. If the interest on corporate debt is moving up much faster than the money supply, and the money supply which reflects corporate earning capacity is decreasing, what might this say about the future? Mortgages In the chart below, I analyzed the current median single-family home price in the United States adjusted by the current average 30-year fixed-rate mortgage (as a percentage). I then compared this number to the money supply. This chart gives us a sense of whether or not the Federal Reserve is supplying enough money to the economy to support the current expense of home ownership. As you can see, price is rapidly approaching the upper channel line (2 standard deviations above the mean), which signals that home ownership is the least affordable it has been since the early 1980s – the last time the upper channel line was reached. If one believes that the 2 standard deviation level is restrictive, then one may conclude that there is not enough money being supplied by the Federal Reserve to sustain such high home prices as coupled with such high mortgage rates. If the Federal Reserve does not pivot back to a less tight monetary policy soon, then there is a high probability that a housing recession will occur in the coming years. Perhaps what is more alarming is the below chart, which shows the EMA ribbon. The EMA ribbon is a collection of exponential moving averages that tend to act as support or resistance over time. When the ribbon is decisively pierced it reflects a trend change. We can see in the above chart, that for the first time since the mid-1980s, we have pierced through the EMA ribbon. This could be a signal that a new super cycle has begun, whereby a higher interest rate environment will persist alongside high inflation for the long term, potentially making homes less affordable for the long term. This is one of many charts that seem to validate the conclusion that inflation will remain persistently high for the long term. Commodities In the below chart, the price of commodities is measured as a ratio to the money supply. This chart informs us that commodity prices have broken their long-term downward trend relative to the money supply. The chart above shows commodities as a ratio to the money supply side-by-side an inverted chart of the S&P 500 as a ratio to the money supply. It appears that the ratio of commodities to the money supply reflects an inverse relationship to the S&P 500 and the money supply. Think about what these charts may be indicating. Could they suggest that in the face of a shrinking money supply, more money will flow out of the stock market into increasingly scarce commodities? In a deglobalizing world facing conflict, climate change, and declining growth in productivity, it’s unlikely that commodity prices will return to the extremely undervalued levels seen in 2020. One commodity, in particular, deserves its own discussion: Gold. Gold During a monetary crisis, the usual winner is physical gold. Since the dawn of human civilization, gold has played an important role in the monetary system. As a scarce commodity gold is often perceived as inherently valuable. In his 1912 book, The Theory of Money and Credit, Ludwig von Mises theorized that the value of money can be traced back ("regressed") to its value as a commodity. This has come to be known as the Regression Theorem. Once paper money was introduced, currencies still maintained an explicit link to gold (the paper being exchangeable for gold on demand). However, the U.S. abandoned the gold standard in 1971 to curb inflation and prevent foreign nations from overburdening the system by redeeming their dollars for gold. Currently, gold is extremely undervalued when priced in U.S. dollars. The current fair dollar-to-gold ratio is currently about $7,200 per ounce of gold. This number is produced by dividing the year-to-year increases in the money supply by the yearly production of gold in ounces. Eventually, a monetary crisis will occur, and according to Exter’s Pyramid, investors will scramble for gold, which may force fiat currency to regress back to a gold standard to stabilize markets. Bitcoin In this final part, I will give a few thoughts on Bitcoin, as it relates to the money supply. Below, you will see that when charted as a ratio to the money supply, Bitcoin formed a nearly perfect double top in 2021. This chart could have warned traders that Bitcoin had topped in November 2021 given Bitcoin's inability to achieve a new high relative to the money supply. This shows that one can use the money supply in their charting as an additional layer of technical analysis. In the below chart, we see how Bitcoin's market cap is moving relative to the U.S. money supply. Bitcoin’s yearly chart is a bull flag relative to the money supply. There are very few assets outside of the cryptocurrency class that present as a bull flag relative to the money supply on their yearly chart. What might this chart reveal about Bitcoin's tendency to disrupt central banks' ability to conduct monetary policy? The Federal Reserve’s inability to stop people from converting dollars into Bitcoin to store wealth is a problem that will likely result in Bitcoin and other forms of decentralized finance coming under the greater scrutiny of the U.S. federal government. In the future, I plan to write a post on investing in cryptocurrency. In that post, I will explore Bitcoin and blockchain technology in much greater depth. Final thoughts To build wealth one must invest in assets that grow in price faster than the money supply erodes purchasing power. To become a successful investor, one must revolutionize one’s perception of money and understand that cash – or central bank notes – are worth nothing more than the belief that the government will persist and remain solvent. To build wealth an investor’s goal should not be to make as much cash as possible, rather an investor’s goal should be to convert cash into assets that grow faster than the money supply and to accumulate as much of such assets as possible.
FRED:M2SLEducation
by SpyMasterTrades
48
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by TechnicallyBullish