PBR
PBR - BearishPolkabridge was doing pretty well, but then things started to fall apart. WARNING!! POTENTIAL SCAM!!
1) This projects team is anonymous, that is not a good thing in Crypto. Don't listen to people who tell you it's 'normal'. It's 'normal' for me not to invest in anonymous teams.
2) A member of the project "Nicky" a community manager, trashed the project over telegram to the community last night. The price dropped.
3) After the price dipped, I started researching what the heck was going on. I found a couple things of interest:
- A) Nicky the community manager, very closely resembled the person who pulled up when searching for Polkabridge on linkedin. "Micky".
- B) This person on Linkedin has no mention of polkabridge, and is a full time engineer for the last couple years.
- C) The profile picture of the Twitter account for Nicky I., the Community Manager, is the same exact one from the Linkedin. The twitter account, Indonesia - does not match the linkedin account, UK.
---- 1) www.linkedin.com 2) twitter.com
- D) Reddit for PolkaBridge, also shows a "Micky I." as a moderator, and still active.
4) Every attempt to reach out to the team was deleted and blocked on telegram. I cannot say I have faith in this project at this moment, but I hope its not a scam.
PER, PBR, ROE, EPS Explained for Beginner InvestorsLegendary stock investor Peter Lynch once said that there’s a reason why the majority of people make money in real estate, but not in the stock market.
People spend months on finding the right property, whereas in choosing the right stock to invest in, they only spend a few minutes.
In this post, I'll be explaining the concepts of:
1) Price Earnings Ratio (PER)
2) Price-to-book Ratio (PBR)
3) Return on Equity (ROE)
4) Earnings per Share (EPS)
by explaining the formula, what they tell us, and the best way to understand these concepts through an example.
Return on Equity (ROE)
So let’s start with the Return on Equity, or ROE.
This measures the profitability of a company in relation to stockholder’s equity.
The ROE is calculated by dividing the net income by the shareholder’s equity.
Price Earnings Ratio (PER)
Next, we have the price earnings ratio, or the PER.
This is a good tool to determine whether a company is overvalued.
The PER is calculated by dividing the current share price by earnings per share.
For instance, if a company’s share price is at $100, and their earnings per share is $10, this gives them a PER of 10.
Price-to-book Ratio (PBR)
Then, we take a look at the price to book-value ratio, or the PBR.
This measures the market’s valuation of a company relative to its book value, and is calculated by dividing the market price per share by the book value per share.
Earnings per Share (EPS)
Lastly, the EPS, or earnings per share.
This is simply the company’s profit divided by the outstanding number of shares outstanding, and works as a good indicator of how profitable a company is.
Example
- Let’s take a look at an example to help your understanding.
- You currently have $100,000, and you decide to open a restaurant.
- You are required to pay $100,000 in deposits, and $3,000 in monthly rent.
- You started this restaurant in the form of a limited liability company.
- You started the company with $100,000.
- Given that you issue shares that are worth $10, you issue 10,000 shares in total.
- A year later, you check how well your business has done.
- You find out that the restaurant did $300,000 in revenue, and after subtracting all costs, you’re left with $30,000.
- With this, you can calculate the return on equity by dividing 30,000 by 100,000, which gives you an ROE of 30%.
- Through the ROE, you look at how much return your own money was able to generate in profits.
- From the perspective of an investor, the higher the ROE, the better.
- You can also calculate the EPS, or earnings per share.
- In this case, the restaurant generates $30,000 in profits.
- So if we divide that by the number of shares, which is 10,000, we get an EPS of $3.
- Now let’s assume that you ran the business for 3 years, and you now want to sell your business to someone else, so you can move on to do other things.
- How much do you want to sell the restaurant for? After 3 years, you now have loyal customers, and it consistently generates $30,000 in profits every year.
- So, you decide to sell the restaurant for $200,000 in total, with a $100,000 premium on top of the deposit.
- If someone buys the restaurant for that price, it means that you and the other party agrees that the business is worth $200,000.
- Now if this restaurant is sold for $200,000, that means the $10 shares you hold are sold for $20.
- When we invest in stocks, this is how we make money.
- With all the information above, we can calculate the PER and PBR.
- If a restaurant that generates $30,000 in net profits gets sold for $200,000, the PER is 6.7.
- And then, we also have the PBR.
- You started the business with $100,000 of your own money, and sold it for $200,000, which gives you a PBR of 2
- For the PER and PBR, the lower the better.
- A low PER means that you are buying a company that generates a lot of net profit for a cheap price.
- Same for the PBR. The lower it is, the more undervalued it is.
Conclusion
The PER, PBR, ROE, and EPS can be great tools to help us identify whether a stock is a good buy or not. Understanding these concepts are imperative for beginner investors.
If you like this educational post, please make sure to like, and follow for more quality content!
If you have any questions or comments, feel free to comment below! :)
OPENED: PBR OCTOBER/AUGUST 6/9 LONG CALL VERTICALBack into PBR again after taking off my previous long call diagonal at near max yesterday.
Metrics:
Max Loss on Setup: $217/contract
Max Profit on Setup: $83/contract
Break Even: 8.17 versus 8.72 spot
Debit Paid to Spread Width Ratio: 72.3%
Notes: Still think this has some room to run here. Went out a little farther in time with the front month to bring in more credit. Implied still decent here at 65.6% 30-day; 62.0% in the August expiry. Initial take profit will be at or near max (i.e., 2.95 -- .05 short of 3.00 max). Will reduce cost basis further via roll of the short call if it doesn't hit by August expiry.
PBR - PETROLEO BRASILEIRO SA PETROBRSymmetrical Triangle Breakout
WARNING! !
-This analysis is educational.
-I do not buy and sell the stock that I shared.
- There is no rule that the analysis that I share will be like this.
-Do your own research.
-YOU ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR YOUR OWN FINANCIAL DECISIONS.
THE WEEK AHEAD: 3 POTENTIAL BRAZILIAN ZEBRAS -- ITUB, PBR, EWZEver seen a "Brazilian Zebra"?
Pictured here is an ITUB (35/76) Zero Extrinsic Back Ratio Spread (hence the colorful acronym, "ZEBRA") in the Brazilian financial, ITUB. Since Zebras are high delta directional plays, they're seen as synthetic stock substitutes and can be deployed both on the call side (long), as well as on the put side (short), with the general advantages being their buying power effect relative to being in a one lot, as well as their being defined risk with max loss limited to the debit paid for putting the play on.
Here's how I set these up:
1. Start out by looking at selling a front month at-the-money short call (around the 50 delta).
2. Look at buying two times the number of long calls such that the front month short pays for all the extrinsic in the longs, which should result in a break even that is or near where the underlying is currently trading.
Here, the July 4 short call is paying .45, with the two December longs costing 2.17 each or 4.34 in total. The setup consequently costs a 3.89 debit (4.34 - .45) to put on. Since the long calls are doubled up, one-half 3.89 equals 1.945, so your break even is that amount plus the long call strike at 2.00 or 3.945 versus 4.08, which is where the stock finished on Friday. Put another way, the credit you collect for the 4 short call exceeds all of the extrinsic in the longs by about .13 (4.08 - 3.95 = .13).
From a trade management standpoint, I view these setups in two separate parts: (1) An in the money long call at the 2.00 strike; and (2) A December/July 2/4 long call diagonal.
Assuming favorable movement, I look at taking the long call diagonal off at or near max (here, the width of the spread or 2.00), and then letting the remaining long call "ride," taking it off in profit or, alternatively, selling call against, depending on how it goes. Consequently, the max profit is "undefined," since -- theoretically -- the extra long call can go to infinity. Conversely, I will look to roll the short call out to reduce cost basis further in the event the stock doesn't move or goes down.
Two other candidates for this type of setup: PBR (26/69) and EWZ (36/55) -- both options liquid and at the low end of their 52-week ranges.
In the case of the former, the PBR October/July 5/7 Zebra costs 4.06 to put on with a break even of 7.03 versus 7.06 spot (so you get into a play for 57.5% of what you'd pay to buy and cover a one lot at market); the latter: the EWZ September/July 19/25, 10.97 with a break even of 24.48 versus 24.66 spot and delta of 120.33 (you get into a play for 44.5% of the cost of getting into a one lot at 24.66).
OPENING: PBR OCTOBER/JUNE 5/7 LONG CALL DIAGONAL... for a 1.38/contract debit.
Metrics:
Max Loss: $138/contract
Max Profit/Return on Capital: $62/contract; 44.93%
Break Even: 6.38/share
Notes: Another small, bullish assumption engagement trade with the back month at the 76 delta, front at the 49, and a break even at or below where the stock is currently trading.
PBR caiu demais! Excelente oportunidade de compra! PBR caiu demais! Excelente oportunidade de compra!
A NYSE:PBR caiu demais na crise do Coronavirus e da guerra comercial do Petroleo. O papel caiu mais que as demais empresas do setor, mais que o proprio petroleo e mais que o AMEX:EWZ , indice que ela compoe e tem grande representacao.
Estou efetuando compras no papel desde $11.00. E como meu unico receio esta na continuidade da desvolarizacao do petroleo, fiz uma trava na operacao, comprando PUT e trava de baixa no CL1! para me proteger e principalmente aumentar posicoes em NYSE:PBR se o petroleo continuar caindo.
Trade arriscado, mas com boa assimetria positiva.
Um grade abraco,
Lucas Sampaio
PBR fell too much! Excellent BUY opportunity!
NYSE:PBR fell too much in the coronavirus crisis and the oil trade war. The stock fell more than other companies in the same sector, more than oil iself, and more than AMEX:EWZ , index tha it composes and has a great representation.
I`ve started to buy since $11.00. And as my only fear is in the continuation of the oil fallout, I put a stop to the operation, buying a PUT and PUT Bear Spread at CL1! to protect me and mainly increase positions in NYSE:PBR if the oil continues to fall.
It's a very risky trade, but with a good positive asymmetry.
Best regards,
Lucas Sampaio
$IBOV al limite en el cierre de la semanaEl índice de la bolsa brasilera cerró esta semana en los 102.900 puntos, estacionándose sobre la linea de tendencia bajista que trae desde hace dos meses. Si bien falló en el primer intento de quebrarla, parece haber conformado un pequeño banderín alcista.
El próximo lunes parece ser decisivo para ver si logra quebrarla. De hacerlo, se habilitaría el objetivo de 106.000 puntos y máximo histórico (objetivo planteado por el Inverse Head And Shoulders formado durante el último mes). En caso de no prosperar y rebotar en el soporte dinámico, iríamos a la zona de 101.000 puntos como primer objetivo.
Por último, el MACD no da señales buenas en el gráfico de 60 minutos pero si lo hace en gráficos de 2, 3 y 4 horas.
A esperar y ver cómo define.
$IBOV semanal, no pinta nada bien...Divergencia bajista clara en el índice de la bolsa brasilera, timeframe semanal (1W). Ya ejecutó una corrección, veremos si es suficiente o si va por más. Hasta no quebrar la línea de tendencia bajista roja (en el chart de 60 min.) no podemos darla por terminada. Lo positivo: apoyó en el retroceso 0.618 y salió, se mantuvo dentro del canal alcista. A esperar.