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Safehavens

Gold PivotsGold caught a massive bid off Bonds and the selloff in the US dollar. We broke several levels above to finally run out of steam exactly at our level of 1670. Although the Kovach OBV picked up, resistance kicked in and we appear to be taking a breather. It is likely that the rally is transient and we will retrace soon. The first level to provide support will be 1658, then after that we have a vacuum zone back to 1640. If we continue to rally, 1683, the base of our levels before using inverse Fibonacci extensions to predict lower levels, will be the next target.
COMEX:GC1!Short
by quantguy
Dead Cat Bounce for Bonds?Bonds have pressed higher following the Fed's 75bps rate hike. We have broken out of 115'29 back into the 116 handle, topping out at our level at 116'20. A red triangle on the KRI suggests that we are facing resistance here. We do appear to be seeing a bull wedge consolidation pattern, but the Kovach OBV has leveled off, so it is likely we will fall from here. Watch 115'29 or 115'03 for support. If we are able to break out further, the next target is 117'08.
CBOT:ZN1!Short
by quantguy
Gold Maintains the RangeGold has held the range between 1895 and 1956, that we discussed yesterday. At this time yesterday, we were roughly in the middle of the range, however since then we have started to edge up again. We are seeing notable resistance at 1956, as predicted due to the dense patch of technical levels above between 1956 and 1982. The Kovach OBV is starting to drift higher ever so gently, however the volume is still comparatively low. We will require much more momentum before we can break out either way. If we break down, there is a vacuum zone to 1876, then 1865. A breakout will face resistance from technical levels in the 1950's through the 1970's, but if we can clear these, 1999 is the next target.
COMEX:GC1!
by quantguy
Gold Finds Support in the $1900'sGold is stabilizing in the low 1900's. We appear to be topping out at 1956 after crossing the vacuum zone above 1936. However, 1956 proved to be prohibitive as we predicted in these reports. The Kovach OBV has leveled off indicating that we are likely to range between 1905 and 1956, and will likely consolidate further. There are a cluster of levels above 1956 to provide strong resistance but if we are able to break out then 2000 would be the next major target.
COMEX:GC1!
by quantguy
Treasuries Get Smashed as Investors Brace for HikesBonds continue their selloff ahead of the FOMC meeting today . The Fed is expected to raise rates, and we could be in for as many as 6 rate hikes total this year. This is impacting yields sending bond prices tumbling. ZN has made a brief attempt at higher levels but got batted down around 125'07, a level we identified yesterday. It is likely to continue the bear trend, currently finding support at 124'19 by a thread. The next target below is 124'06.
CBOT:ZN1!Short
by quantguy
Gold Retraces to the low $1900'sGold rallied tremendously off the Ukraine conflict, hitting yearly highs at the top of the $1900 handle. It looked like we might make a run for $2K, but we topped out at 1977 or so, before a red triangle on the KRI confirmed resistance. After that, we retraced the entire move, spanning $100, where we finally found support at $1876. We were able to find support here, and have since recovered to $1917, where we are currently finding support between $1905 and $1917. It could go either way from here, but after such intense volatility, it is reasonable for the markets to try to find footing and establish value at current levels, between $1905 and $1917. If we retrace further, $1876 is likely to provide support. If we break out again, it is doubtful we will reclaim $1977, but $1925 or $1936 are reasonable targets.
COMEX:GC1!
by quantguy
Safehaven Inflows Benefit GoldGold has steadily rallied benefitting from safehaven inflows from the Ukraine crisis. We appeared to see some trouble with 1895, the last level of the 1800's, but another burst of momentum took us into the 1900 handle. From there, we were even able to make an attempt at higher levels still, but our level at 1917 proved to be a top for now. After that, we retraced back, and are currently meandering around 1900. We are seeing good support from 1895, but watch the vacuum zone below to 1876. If we rally again, 1917 is the level to break before we can achieve higher levels.
COMEX:GC1!Long
by quantguy
Bonds Smash Lows After Inflation DataBonds took a sharp nose dive off increased Fed rate hike expectations and inflation. We smashed through our lowest levels of support and drove deeper into the 126 handle, before finally bottoming out at 125'17, a support level extrapolated from inverse Fibonacci levels, a tool we are relying on more and more, now that we have exhausted all of our lower technical levels. We are seeing a brief pivot off this level, and appear to be making a run for the 126's again. Currently we are meeting resistance at the psychological level of 126'00, with 126'02 providing resistance as confirmed by a red triangle on the KRI. The Kovach OBV has turned even more bearish with the massive selloff yesterday, but does appear to be leveling off with the support. If we are able to break into the 126's again, then 126'11 is sure to provide resistance. Our next target below is 125'07 if we selloff further.
CBOT:ZN1!Short
by quantguy
Head and Shoulders Breakdown in Gold!!Gold has topped out at 1851, after smashing through our upper level at 1836. As you can see, 1851 is one of our levels as well. Two red triangles on the KRI marked sharp resistance, and we immediately rejected these higher levels, dropping down past 1836, and extending down to 1826, where we found support just above this level. Currently, we appear to be seeking value between these two levels. We see what now appears to be a head and shoulders pattern with a neckline at 1836. The Kovach OBV had flatlined at these highs, but has turned over with the selloff. Our next level below is 1815, where we should see good support. If momentum returns, then the neckline of our head and shoulders pattern at 1826 will provide significant resistance.
COMEX:GC1!
by quantguy
Bonds Rally with the Stock SelloffBonds have gotten a lift off the selloff in stocks. An influx of risk off sentiment gave ZN a much needed lift back to the 128 handle. We had dipped in the very lows of the 127 handle, and were appearing to get ready to break into the 126's, when the fallout from stocks caused a notable risk off shift. We have broken through our level at 127'22. As predicted yesterday, we crossed the vacuum zone and touched 128'10, the first level in the 128 handle, before retracing slightly. At the time of this writing, we are hovering just under this level. We will see if the fallout in stocks continues today, in which case, we can expect higher levels, the next target being 128'24. The Kovach OBV has turned solidly bullish, likely a bit more than it would if this were just a simple relief rally. But if the selloff continues, 127'22 and 127'08 are the next targets to the down side.
CBOT:ZN1!Long
by quantguy
Gold Dips, Finds Support at Our Levels as Expected 😎Gold has traversed the vacuum zone below and tested 1795 yet again, exactly as we have anticipated. From here, we got a nice pivot, and are currently in the middle of the value area between 1795 and 1815. From here it could go either way, but safe haven outflows may suggest we test lows again at 1795, the cluster of levels in the 1780's or 1777. The Kovach OBV has taken a sharp turn downward with the dump from 1826, and the small pivot we are seeing has not been enough to budge this indicator. But if we do make a run for higher levels, watch 1815 and 1826 for resistance.
COMEX:GC1!
by quantguy
Gold Tests Higher LevelsGold dipped sharply finding support exactly at our levels. First, we saw support at 1759, then the lower wick of the selloff on the 30 min chart touched 1753 exactly, before a massive bid took us back to the 1780's. As anticipated, 1795 remains the max upper bound for gold, and we are currently finding resistance at the level just under this at 1789. We are seeing the price action start to round off suggesting we are running out of steam for the moment. Unless we see strong momentum come through, we are likely to continue to establish value in the 1780's again specificially, but broadly hold the range between 1777 and 1795. The Kovach OBV is surprisingly flat despite the momentum we saw at that lower bound, which supports our view that gold will continue to establish value in this price area.
COMEX:GC1!
by quantguy
Gold Ranges in the Upper $1700'sGold has stabilized after rejecting higher levels, as anticipated. As we mentioned yesterday, 1795 was just too large of an obstacle for gold, and it retreated to value in the 1780's, where a cluster of levels is catching the price action like fly paper. We anticipate the broad range between 1777 and 1795 to hold for now. Volatility has narrowed considerably between 1780 and 1789. The Kovach OBV has completely flatlined suggesting that this value area will hold until more momentum comes through. The longer volatility consolidates in this manner, the more likely a breakout (or breakdown) will be.
COMEX:GC1!
by quantguy
Gold Hits Our Target!! What's Next??Gold has broken through to higher levels, punching through the resistance in the 1780's and edging toward 1795. We are starting to see some red triangles form on the KRI suggesting we are encountering some resistance here. Unless some serious momentum comes through, 1795 should provide prohibitive resistance. The Kovach OBV has tapered upwards but does not seem to suggest that we have sufficient momentum at this point to achieve higher levels. If we do, then there is a vacuum zone above to 1815. If not, we anticipate gold to establish value back in the 1780's, with 1777 being the min lower bound for now.
COMEX:GC1!
by quantguy
Gold Establishes Value, Forms Narrow RangeGold has found stability in the exact range we identified: 1770 to 1775. We even discussed how it was likely to consolidate further between 1777 and the 1780's which is exactly what happened. In particular, 1777 and 1784 seem to be the lower and upper bounds respectively. Gold is likely to establish value further, but the range has narrowed significantly, and when this happens we are setting up for a breakout either way. Still, 1777 to 1795 should hold. Watch the vacuum zone above to 1815 and below to 1759. The Kovach OBV is still bearish but is starting to flatten a bit as momentum recedes.
COMEX:GC1!
by quantguy
Gold Presses Lower, Relief Rally Soon??Gold has continued to press lower, but has remained within our expectations. We did break down into the vacuum zone below 1770, heading for 1759, but have found support just above this level, and at the time of this writing, have regained the 1770's. We are seeing support at lower levels confirmed by green triangles on the KRI. The Kovach OBV is still very bearish, but we could be encroaching on oversold territory, which suggests that we may see a relief rally. If so, we will encounter resistance in the 1780's, then 1795. The latter will provide formidable resistance and we believe it to be a max upper bound for now. If things turn south we should see continued support at 1759, but after that there is a cluster of levels to provide further resistance to the selloff in the mid/lower 1700's.
COMEX:GC1!Long
by quantguy
1
Inverse Head and Shoulders in Bonds??Bonds have seen a bit of a relief rally as we predicted yesterday. They hit the exact target we identified, 130'00, before settling near support at 129'26. We anticipate a quiet market as we go into the US hoiday for Thanksgiving. The Kovach OBV is still solidly bearish, suggesting that this rally may be just a relief rally. That being said, we do have an inverse head and shoulders pattern forming with a neckline at 130'00. If we break out further, we could easily hit 130'07, or 130'19. If the selloff continues, our next target is 129'11.
CBOT:ZN1!
by quantguy
Gold Breaks DownGold has retreated from highs in the mid 1800's to support at 1836. This was a level we had been identifying for the past few reports. We are starting to see two green triangles forming confirming support. Gold had held the range between 1851 and 1876 for the past few days, and a breakout either way was imminent. The Kovach OBV has turned bearish, which was a good indication that a breakdown to lower levels was in order. We should see good support at 1836, but then 1826 and 1815 will provide support if this breaks. 1851 should provide strong resistance, if gold catches a bid.
COMEX:GC1!
by quantguy
USDJPY <-> The World; Carry Trades, Safe Havens on the VIX ScaleThe Title Chart is a representation of the impact of each 1% change in the (SP500) VIX on various currencies' (and Gold; Bitcoin) to tend to more (or less) toward Risk (instability) or Safe Haven (stability) characteristics . I.e. It depicts the relationship between market uncertainty and exchange rate movements of safe haven currencies (and currency "equivalents") An important note on: Context! View this article in the light of two, undisputed facts; Margin debt – the amount of money that investors have borrowed in order to buy stocks – is now at the highest level in history, not only in absolute terms, but also relative to U.S. GDP. The present ratio of U.S. total equity market capitalization to GDP is 2.63. The historical norm (not the low!) is 0.78 . - Which is about 70% below the current level. In light of the above facts the central question remains the same; Can business as usual continue (and for how long?) or, is there is a global, catastrophic financial collapse on the horizon?... You decide. (This post may help; ) The remainder of this article is based on various notes and research, taken at a RIETI Conference (Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry), a couple of years ago - before the Covid Pandemic. However, I shall omit most (if not all) of the technical details, calculations and such here, for brevity and clarity's sake. Introduction The Japanese yen and the Swiss Franc are often called a safe haven currency—a currency that appreciates when the risk-averse behavior of global investors and the uncertainty of economic policy and outlook increase, while the U.S. dollar is regarded as the most reliable international currency as an anchor. The safe haven status is usually observed for a country that has the current account surplus, low interest rates—the funding source of carry-trade opportunity—, and the investors’ perception as the safe-haven currency, resulting in suffering from the deterioration of the trade balance during a crisis. That may improve the trade balance of the country’s trade partners and competitors, especially if their currencies are vulnerable to a shock. The yen tends to rise during periods of increased financial market volatility. This tendency—clearly evident when the currency surged after the Brexit shock—has strengthened since mid-2015. While widening yield differentials between the U.S. and Japan are a force to weaken the yen, the currency is vulnerable to sudden gains on higher risk aversion The Chinese renminbi (CNY) is a rising star. Its internationalization is on the fast track .The renminbi’s inclusion into the SDR basket represents its internationalization, making the renminbi a reserve currency alongside the USD, the JPY, the EUR, and the GBP. Still, the renminbi was depreciated by 4% between its announcement on November 30, 2015 and actual inclusion on October 1, 2016. Recent political uncertainty generated unexpected shocks—from the U.S. presidential election to Federal Reserve interest rate decisions and political events in Europe—that could affect sentiment toward the yen, the renminbi, and relatively vulnerable Asian currencies, increasing safe-haven demand for alternative assets such as gold and bitcoin. The yen’s safe-haven status may signal in advance shifts in risk appetite in the foreign exchange market. The skew in risk reversals on yen-dollar currency options, which turns negative when bets on yen appreciation outweigh bets on depreciation, tends to follow, or is at least associated with, the index. For example, 12 weeks after the start of a VIX spike, net non-commercial positions on the yen on the Chicago Mercantile Exchange are 20 billion U.S. dollars longer than would be the case absent the rise in the VIX. In the European sovereign crises of 2011, the yen was purchased aggressively as a safe asset3 and finally reached the historical high value, 75.54 yen per dollar and remained around 80 yen. Thus, just after the East Japan Earthquake and the meltdown of nuclear power plants, the highest value of the yen is hard to be explained by economic fundamentals. In January 2015, the Swiss National Bank (SNB) abolished its exchange rate cap against the euro, meaning that the SNB stopped intervening by purchasing the Swiss franc against the euro. As a result, the Swiss franc was appreciated against U.S . dollar by 30% within 10 minutes . At the same time the yen and the Singapore dollar were appreciated by 1% as investors needed to sell the euro and buy some safe currencies instead of the Swiss franc that was limited liquidity and capacity compared to the euro. So, not only the yen and the renminbi, but other currencies in the Asian emerging market may be in transition to the safe-haven status. Here, one tries to measure whether the yen, the renminbi, other currencies, and alternative assets have a safe-haven or vulnerable status. Introducing long-term and short-term gauges help judge if the safe-haven status is temporary or consistent. The results shows that the yen consistently has the safe-haven status, the renminbi temporarily obtained the safe-haven status in early 2010, but has been returning to a vulnerable currency. Increasing political uncertainty in the global market and weakness of the renminbi may increase demand for traditional and innovative alternative assets, though the size and liquidity of the markets haven’t developed well, yet and they are vulnerable to regulatory changes. A bitcoin price surged in late 2016 as the renminbi depreciates, but it tumbled to $789 on January 11, 2017, down 28% from a peak of $1,091 on January 4, 2017. The proximate cause – signals from China’s central bank that they are paying close attention to irregularities in the market. The still relatively small size of the market makes bitcoin impractical as a channel for large-scale capital flight. Gold could be considered as a good asset in the diversification of Chinese portfolios. Wong and Zhu (2015) find, however, it is only for risk-seeking investors and in crisis periods on the Shanghai Gold Exchange in the diversification of Chinese portfolios. So, there are very limited indications that bitcoin and gold could be presently regarded as a safe-haven assets, and while their safe-haven tendency might be increasing, it is particular and limited to relative to the renminbi, under high policy uncertainty. Safe Haven Trades - Short-term Perspectives There are standard and widely available models that captures the safe-haven status of a currency in the short-term and they rely on the assumption of capital flows driven by excess returns from the currency carry trade, rather than uncovered interest rate parity (UIP). The carry trade hypothesis defines the currency carry trade, which consists of selling low interest-rate currencies “funding currencies” and investing in high interest-rate currencies “investment currencies.” They find that carry trades loses money on average, in times of rising VIX. While the UIP hypothesizes that the carry gains due to the interest-rate differential is offset by a commensurate depreciation of the investment currency, empirically the reverse holds. The investment currency appreciates a little on average despite with a low predictive R2 (Fama1984). This violation of the UIP – often referred to as the “forward premium puzzle” – is precisely what makes the carry trade profitable on average. To be able to successfully solve the UIP “forward premium puzzle” (successful carry trade), the addition of a gauge of market risk sentiment to predict the future spot exchange rates is essential. To predict the change in the expected exchange rate is usually explained by a change in interest rate differentials and the market risk sentiment. To capture the impacts of a change in the market risk sentiment on exchange rates, a rolling OLS regression of a daily change in the VIX and the two-year yield differential between local currency and the U.S. dollar on a percentage change in local currency per dollar is used. Normally, The VIX is a good measure of investors’ risk sentiment. Increases in the VIX are associated with higher volatility in Japanese and Germany stock prices, as measured by the Nikkei VI and VDAX, as well as in the yen’s exchange rate to dollar. The VIX correlates, under normal circumstances, to the Nikkei VI at 0.83, to the VDAX at 0.87 and to implied volatility on 1- month at-the-money yen-dollar options at 0.71, with the addition of the two-year government bond yield differential. A standard model would go something like this; dLn(LCY/USD) = a+b1d(USDLCY_2Y)+ b2 𝑑(𝑉IX)+e where "LCY" means the local currency, USDLCY_2Y is two-year government bond yield differential, the VIX denotes the implied volatility of S&P 500 index options6, "e" is an error term. The UIP assumes the sign of the coefficient of USDLCY_2Y is negative, while the carry trade hypothesis sees its sign positive during a normal period. So, the determinants of its sign are answers to an empirical question, rather than a theory. The coefficient of the VIX is defined as the Safe-haven Currency Index (SCI) and assessed the safe-haven status as follows: SCI > 0: Period and country specific "safe-haven" type tendency. SCI < 0: Period and country specific “vulnerable currency" type tendency. SCI = 0 or insignificant: exchange rate movement doesn’t follow a specific tendency. Safe Assets – Long-term Perspective The safe asset indexes indicate mostly three currencies – the Swiss franc, the yen, and the dollar – out of the 13 currencies which mormally maintain safe-haven status. Although the Swiss franc has the strongest safe-haven status on average, its status has been weakened from 2007 until 2011 – the period of the Global Financial Crisis and the European Sovereign Crisis. That is likely because Switzerland has suffered from rapid currency appreciation against the euro and thus, its safe-haven demand relative to the dollar seemed to be limited. In contrast, growing dollar demand during the crises had strengthened the dollar’s safe-haven status. The yen has consistently kept the safe has status during previous risk-off episodes. However, the currency status of some currencies has been switching between a safe-haven and a vulnerable currency. The British pound had had the safe-haven status until early 2000s, but it fell into the vulnerable currency status from 2007 until 2015, followed by a rapid depreciation due to the Brexit shock in June 2016. On the other hand, the Singapore dollar was the vulnerable currency until 2011, turning into the safe-haven currency around 2011. Thus, the safe-haven status doesn't necessarily last forever, and it does change overtime. Higher frequency data provides the detailed transitional status in the short-term perspective. The safe-haven status seems to be associated with the internationalization of the currency. The dollar has about 90% of the total share (200%) of turnover of Over-The-Counter (OTC) of transaction from 1995 until 2016. The yen’s share is about 20% throughout the same period. The shares of the European currencies such as the euro, the pound, and the Swiss franc have peaked in 2001; they have been gradually shrinking ever since. In contrast, the Asian currencies have been consistantly emerging, in the meantime. The share of the renminbi, the Singapore dollar and the Won reached 4%, 2%, and 2% from 0%, 1%, and 0%, respectively. Safe Haven versus Vulnerable Currency – Short-term Perspective Uncertainty represented by the VIX affects exchange rate movements on a daily basis, given limited fluctuatuons in the two-year interest rate differential between the local currency and the dollar. Zero interest rates are applied for alternative assets. The Yen The Safe-haven Currency Index suggests that the yen has kept its safe-haven status during the global crises. The results of the ordinary least square rolling (OLS) regression in daily data supported this scenario. The yen’s safe-haven status has been held firm since 2007 except for a period of the aftermath of the Great East Japan Earthquake and the downgrade of the U.S. sovereign rating d by Standard and Poor. Still, even when the yen had its vulnerable status period, it still wasn't significant. Since market participants tended to expect higher possibility of massive monetary easing as the part of the Abenomics in late 2012, the yen’s safe status has been strengthening. The index shows that each 1 percentage point rise in the VIX is associated with a 0.13% appreciation in the yen as of January 26, 2017, while 1 percentage point increase in two-year interest rate differential between the U.S. and Japan is accompanied to an 11.4% appreciation in the yen. The negative coefficients of U.S.-Japan interest differentials held virtually for ythe entire period. Removing the yield differentials strengthens the absolute impacts of a change in the VIX, but it doesn’t change the robustness of the yen’s safe-haven status. These results support the carry trade hypothesis rather than the UIP. A shift in the monetary policy framework helps explain a change in the yen’s safe-haven status. Lower interest rates increase opportunity for the carry trade, strengthening the save haven status. The structural breaks for the safe-haven status are tested with the Schwarz criterion in global information criteria. The test signals July 21, 2006, August 31, 2010, and January 31, 2013 as the timings of structural breaks. These dates are relevant to significant changes of monetary policy framework in Japan. The Bank of Japan lifted the quantitative easing policy in March 2006 and the zero-interest-rate policy in July. The BOJ introduced ‘comprehensive easing policy’ in October 2010, and the BOJ introduced asset purchase programs in April 2013. The coefficient of the VIX was around zero in late 2012, but it dropped to -0.25% in early 2014. Further monetary easing appears to enhance the yen’s safe-haven status. During the same period, Japan’s net foreign asset relative to the GDP has been highest in the world, but it has decreased in the dollar terms. Consequently, investors’ risk appetite and their perception for the yen’s safe-haven status would play a vital role in the determination of exchange rate movement. The strength of its status may rely on excess profits from the carry trade rather than economic fundamentals such as net foreign assets and reserves. The long-term government bond yields contain more risk premium than short-term yields. Still, the yen’s safe-haven status, which reflects invertors’ risk appetites, is robust even if adding in a change in the yield curve: the ten-year, two-year spread between the U.S. and Japan. An increase in the spreads means the U.S. government bond yield curve is getting steeper relative to the Japanese government bond yield curve. The coefficient of the VIX remains significant overall even if a rolling regression is implemented with the yield curve variable. These results suggest a higher level of VIX predicts higher returns for investment currencies and lower returns for funding currencies, and controlling for VIX reduces the predictive coefficient for interest-rate differentials. That is consistent with the carry trade hypothesis. Renminbi’s Shift to Vulnerable Currency Status The SCI suggests the renminbi is a vulnerable currency except the period of 1997-2001. As capital flows from and into the Mainland China are restricted its interest rate differential to another currency and the VIX haven’t well tracked the movement of onshore renminbi (CNY). In order to capture the investor’s risk perception under uncertainty, the offshore renminbi (CNH) might be the more appropriate gauge of the safe-haven and vulnerable status. In fact, during the risk episode such as the U.S. sovereign credit downgrade, CNH tended to depreciate more rapidly than the CNY did. The tests for safe-haven status of the CNY are neither stable nor significant, not only against the Dollar but also the Euro. In contrast, the CNH’s vulnerable currency status against the dollar and the yen is readily observable and consistent. All the while its status relative to the Euro was regarded as a safe-haven until April 2014, significantly shifting to a vulnerable currency by May 2015. These results are consistent with structural breaks, overall. Alternative Assets: Gold and Bitcoin Those two asset classes reamin relatively fractional to global risk assets and stock market market capitalization. As of this writing, they remain miniscule to even consider them as alternatives in light of the $75-$220 Trillion (depends who is counting) total, unfounded, global liabilities. Conclusion All of the above suggest that the Yen is a safe-haven currency as well as safe asset and it's status as such is unlikely to diminish in the foreseeable future. Its safe-haven status is stronger on average than other safe-haven currencies such as the Swiss franc and especially far outpacing that of bitcoin and gold. The offshore traded renminbi (CNH) maintains a very much vulnerable status to the U.S. Dollar and the Japanese Yen and this is has also minimal impetus to changes in the foreseeable future. Higher market uncertainty with policy swings may increase safe-haven demand for alternative assets such as gold and bitcoin but there are certainly no tendencies at present that, given these alternatives' very limited liquidity, they would factor as substitutes for the Yen or the US Dollar in the foreseeable future.
by Nemo_Confidat
3
The Top 5 Fundamental Currency DriversThe goal of this article is to understand what really moves the markets. 1. Central Bank Decisions These organizations manage the countries monetary system and policy. They control the countries money supply and operate through specific mandates. Stable inflation is a common mandate applicable to the majority of central banks. Interest rates are a crucial tool used by them to reach their mandates. Changes in interest rates have a tremendous impact on the Forex markets. Rate decisions from central banks can cause lots of volatility. They’re also great opportunities for making money. For this reason, interest rates should be something all Forex traders monitor. Good to start here as a beginner in fundamentals. 2. Economic News Releases News releases like: GDP Gross Domestic Product CPI Consumer Price Index Employment Data like average earnings, NFP, and unemployment Rate could have a huge impact on interest rate decisions and traders always have expectations on these releases if it differs from it market reacts. 3. Geopolitical Events Politicians are an important part of the market moves. Investors seek stable economies, also tax decisions and fiscal policy decisions are drivers of the market. 4. Natural Disasters Things like earthquakes or tsunamis can negatively affect a country’s economy. 5. Intermarket Movements Equities Bonds and Commodities are all connected to each other so one spike in an asset class could lead to moves in the other asset classes too. Things like risk aversion and risk appetite are a daily play on the markets because the risk is a great factor of daily currency moves. Safe haven bids are bonds Japanese yen and Swiss franc in a market crash these assets have money inflows. Hope you enjoyed this small article for more information visit my website vitezabraham.com. Have a Nice day! Vitez
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by Vitezabraham