MARKET CORRECTION TIMING APPEARS IMMINENTThe chart provides a compelling historical perspective of major S&P 500 corrections and their relationship with Federal Reserve interest rate cycles. It highlights three significant market downturns (the shaded areas in red): the Dot-com Bubble (-49%, March 2000 - October 2002), the Global Financial Crisis (-57%, October 2007 - March 2009), and the COVID-19 Crash (-34%, February 2020 - March 2020).
A notable pattern emerges when examining the relationship between these market corrections and interest rate peaks - market downturns often follow periods where interest rates have reached their cyclical highs.
The blue line (in the chart below) representing the Effective Federal Funds Rate shows clear peaks before each of these major market corrections, suggesting a historical correlation between rate cycle tops and subsequent market pullbacks.
Given that current Federal Reserve rates appear to have peaked around 5.5% and started to decline, historical precedent suggests we could be approaching a correction phase in the relatively near term.
The chart's pattern indicates that once rates stabilize at their peak, as they have recently, the window for a potential market correction typically opens within a matter of months.
However, while this pattern is interesting from a historical perspective, it's important to note that past patterns don't guarantee future market behaviour, and many other factors contribute to market corrections beyond just interest rate cycles. In my opinion we may be just missing a catalyst? Was this week DeepSeek correction the start of it?
Only time will tell. Keep nimble! Keep cautious!
DFF trade ideas
NFP & Port Strikes: Why Jobs Matter This Week Nonfarm Payrolls (NFP) are projected to rise by 140,000 in September, matching August's pace and pushing the three-month average job gains to the weakest level since mid-2019. The NFP data is due this Friday.
At the same time, a major labor disruption is underway. Dockworkers at 14 key ports, handling roughly half of U.S. trade, have launched an indefinite strike. The walkout could disrupt trade and strain the economy ahead of the presidential election and the crucial holiday shopping season.
Chicago Fed President Austan Goolsbee expressed concern that a prolonged strike could worsen supply chain bottlenecks, exacerbate inflation, and alter expectations for the Federal Reserve's next move on interest rates.
The end of the tightening cycle is nighThe decline in the US inflation rate to more than a two-year low, marks a major step towards the end of the Fed’s historic monetary tightening cycle1. We believe key deflationary forces are in play – (1) weaker commodity prices (2) improvement in global supply chains (3) moderation in demand (4) lower inflation expectations. Therefore, the June decline in inflation is just the start of a series of decreases.
Softer than expected inflation report
As highlighted in the chart below, the details for June were also better than expected with key measures of underlying inflation coming in below forecasts. The inflation report suggests that some of the stickier components of inflation such as used cars and airline fares are also moderating.
It’s important to note that most of the rise in the June CPI can be attributed to housing, however because of the way it is calculated it tends to lag current conditions. The S&P Case Shiller Home Price Index which tends to lead CPI shelter by roughly a year, is already flat which highlights US inflation is likely headed lower. Inflation for labour intensive services such as restaurants, recreation and personal care remained higher in June reflecting the pass -through of higher wages and robust services demand2. Potential further softening in the labour market could bring these categories back to target consistent levels. Softening in the labour market was evident in June’s employment report (nonfarm payrolls rose by 209k versus consensus 230k) which was weaker than expected for the first time in 15 months3.
US Producer Prices confirmed a similar deflationary theme. The US Producer Price Index (PPI) inflation for June was softer than expected with headline and core PPI advancing 0.1% over the prior month4. Business surveys are also pointing to weakening pricing power, such as the Institute of Supply Management (ISM) services index which ties in with a lower inflation backdrop.
US inflation can’t prevent the July rate hike
While expectations for the July rate hike of 25Bps remain firmly in place, the market has scaled back expectations for a second hike – with 21bps / 3bps / 3bps of hikes priced for the July / September / November FOMC meetings5. The disinflation trend increases our belief that the Fed is close to, or will be, at the end of the current rate hike cycle.
Earnings take centre stage for the next leg of the rally
The key question now remains whether the market continues to trade off expectations of an easing narrative. Central bank policy has been the biggest drag for equities last year. The timing of the easing narrative comes at the heels of a volatile Q2 2023 earnings season. The S&P 500 Index earnings in the Q2 2023 are expected to decline 6.8% y/y, worse than the decline of 3.9% in the Q1 20233. This would be the largest earnings decline since the pandemic-fuelled 31.6% y/y decline in the Q2 2020. Earnings will be the key deciding factor for an extension in the current rally.
Investors will be keen to hear from management whether they are looking to adopt a leaner cost structure and ways they are looking to remove excess capacity. Investors will be looking for guidance on productivity and efficiency gains rather than the financial engineering we have witnessed over the past decade.
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